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1、化学与环境学院2013/2014学年第（1）学期期末考试试卷《专业英语》试卷（A卷）专业年级班级姓名学号题号―・二三四五总分得分一、单词短语中译英(每小题1分，共10分)1.无机化学2.二氧化碳3.配体4.同分异构体5.氯化钠6.酸和碱7.摘要8.离子键9.甲苯10.电子二、单词短语英译中(每小题1分，共15分)(1)carbonate(2)monoxide(3)aminoacid(4)aromatic(5)protein(6)covalentbond(7)rawmaterial(8)chemicalshift
2、(9)solute(10)oxygen(11)monatomic(12)polymer(13)pesticide(14)detergent(15)donor(16)nuclearmagneticresonance(17)alkalimetal(18)geochemistry(19)electrode(20)alkene二、阅读理解：(本题共3篇短文，15个小题，根据短文内容从各题的A,B,C,D
3、H
4、个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案代码填入题后的括号内。每小题2分，本题满分30分)(一)Thereisevid
5、encethattheusualvarietyofhighbloodpressureis,inpart,afamiliardisease.Sincefamilieshavesimilargenesaswellassimilarenvironments,familiardiseasescouldbeduetosharedgeneticinfluences,tosharedenvironmentalfactors,ortoboth・Forsomeyears,theroleofoneenvironmentalfact
6、orcommonlysharedbyfamilies,namelydietarysalt(i.e.,sodiumchloride),hasbeenstudiedatBrookhavenNationalLaboratory・Thesestudiessuggestthatchromicexcesssaltingestioncanleadtohighbloodpressureinmanandanimals.Someindividuals,however,andsomeratsconsumelargeamountsof
7、saltwithoutdevelopinghighbloodpressure.Nomatterhowstrictlyallenvironmentalfactorswerecontrolledintheseexperiments,somesalt-fedanimalsneverdevelopedhypertensionwhereasafewrapidlydevelopedveryseverehypertensionfollowedbyearlydeath.Thesemarkedvariationswereinte
8、rpretedtoresultfromdifferencesingeneticconstitution.Bymatingissuccessivegenerationsonlythoseanimalsthatfailedtodevelophypertensionfromsaltingestion,aresistantstrain(lhenRMStrain)hasbeenevolvedinwhichconsumptionoflargequantitiesofsaltfailstoinfluencethebloodp
9、ressuresignificant!y.Incontrast,bymatingonlyanimalsthatquicklydevelophypertensionfromsalt,asensitivestrain(HSMstrain)hasalsobeendeveloped.Theavailabilityofthesetowstrainspermitsinvestigationsnotheretoforepossible.Theyprovideaplausiblelaboratoiymodelonwhichto
10、investigatesomeclinicalaspectsofthehumanprototypesofhypertension.Moreimportant,theremightbethepossibilityofdevelopingmethodsbywhichgeneticsusceptibilityofhumanbeingstohighbloodpressurecanbedefin
