二语习得理论

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1、TheoreticalApproachestoSecondLanguageLearningDifferencesinLearningL1&L2BehaviorismInnatismInformationProcessingConnectionismTheInteractionistPosition2021/8/22Fall20031DifferencesinLearningL1&L2Achildoradultlearningasecondlanguageisdifferentfromachildacquiringafirstlanguageintermsofboth1)

2、learnercharacteristicsand2)learningconditions2021/8/22Fall20032DifferencesinLearningL1&L2LearnerCharacteristics1.Knowledgeofanotherlanguage2.Cognitivematurity3.Metalinguisticawareness4.Knowledgeoftheworld5.NervousnessaboutspeakingL1L2childchildadolescent(formal)adult-?++-?++-?++-?++--++20

3、21/8/223DifferencesinLearningL1&L2LearningConditions6.Freedomtobesilent7.Ampletime&contact8.Correctivefeedback:(form)grammarandpronunciation9.Correctivefeedback:(meaning)wordchoice10.ModifiedinputL1L2childchildadolescent(formal)adult++--++-?--+-++++++++2021/8/22Fall20034DifferencesinLearn

4、ingL1&L2Summary:SLA(SecondLanguageAcquisition)theoriesneedtoaccountforlanguageacquisitionbylearnerswithavarietyofcharacteristicsandlearninginavarietyofcontexts.2021/8/22Fall20035TheoreticalApproachestoLanguageAcquisitionBehaviorismInnatismInteractionismImportantCharacteristics:-     Imita

5、tion-     Practice-     Reinforcement-     Habit-formationApplicationtoSLA:-CAH(contrastiveanalysishypothesis)Focusonthelinguisticaspectsof:-        Vocabulary-        grammaticalmorphemes-        pronunciationImportantCharacteristics:-LAD(languageacquisitiondevice)-UG(universalgrammar)-C

6、PH(criticalperiodhypothesis)ApplicationtoSLA:-Krashen’s"monitormodel"1)acquisition–learninghypothesis2)monitorhypothesis3)     naturalorderhypothesis4)     inputhypothesis(i+1)5)affectivefilterhypothesis-        Informationprocessing1)     attention-processing(noticing)2)     restructurin

7、g-        Connectionism-multipleintelligenceFocusonthelinguisticaspectsof:-        grammar/sentence-making-   pronunciationImportantCharacteristics:-     physicalinteractionwiththeenvironment-     socialinteractionwithpeople-     modifiedinteraction-     socialcultu