自考英语词汇学部分章节重点归纳EnglishLexicology

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1、《英语词汇学》（课程代码：00832）试卷结构Chapter5WordMeaning（词的意义）Reference（所指关系）istherelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld・Concept（概念），whichisbeyondlanguage,istheresultofhumancognitionn.认识；知识;认识能力，reflectingtheobjectiveworldinthehumanmind.Sense（in>C）denotestherelationshipinsid

2、ethelanguage・Everywordthathasmeaninghassense（noteverywordhasreferenee）Motivation（词义理据）accountfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguistic（word）symbolanditsmeaning.Onomatopoeicmotivation（拟声理据）wordswerecreatedbyimitatingthenaturesoundsornoises.Morphologicalmotivation（形态理

3、据）compoundsandderivedwordsaremulti-morphemicwordsandthemeaningsofmanyarethesumtotalofthemorphemescombined.很多合成词和派牛词都是这类，Semanticmotivation（语义理据）referstothementalassociationssuggestedbytheconceptualmeaningofaword.Itexplainstheconnectionbetweentheliteralsenseandf

4、igurativesenseoftheword・（由字面义派生出来的弓

5、申义）Etymologicalmotivation（词源理据）themeaningofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheirorigins.Inotherwordsthehistoryofthewordexplainthemeaningoftheword.Grammaticalmeaningreferstothatpartofthemeaningofthewordwhichindicatesgrammaticalc

6、onceptorrelationships.Conceptualmeaningalsoknownasdenotativemeaning（夕卜延意义）*isthemeaninggiveninthedictionaryandformsthecoreofword-meaning.Associativemeaningisthesecondarymeaningsupplementedtotheconceptualmeaning.Connotativemeaningreferstotheovertonesorassociateo

7、nssuggestedbytheconceptualmeaning,traditionallyknowasconnotations.Stylisticmeaningreferstostylisticfeatures,whichmakethemappropriatefordifferentcontexts.Affectivemeaningindicatesthespeaker'sattitudetowardsthepersonorthinginquestion.（appreciativeorpejorative）.Co

8、llocativemeaningisthatpartoftheword-meaningsuggestedbythewordsbeforeorafterthewordindiscussion.Stylisticmeaningandaffectivemeaningarerevealedbymeansofcollocations.Chapter6SenseRelationsandSemanticField（语义关系和语义场）6.1Polysemy（多义关系）1•多义关系的形成：Polysemyisacommonfeatur

9、epeculiartoallnatureIanguagethatawordhasmorethanonesense・Anoverwhelmingmajorityofwordsarepolysemous・Whenawordisfirstcoined,itisalwaysmonosemic・Butinthecourseofdevelopment,th