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1、班级英美文学学号2009020243姓名单杨帆学习单元6等级湖南师范大学外国语学院2010—2011学年第二学期美国历史与文化课程论文题目theFunctionsofGovernment姓名单杨帆学号2009020243年级、班级2009级英美文学班专业英语班级英美文学学号2009020243姓名单杨帆学习单元6等级TheFunctionsofGovernmentAbstract:Thispaperconsistsofthreeparts.Inthefirstparts,thispapergivesusageneralintroduc
2、tionoftheoriginofgovernment.Inthesecondpart,theauthorfocusesontheconcretefunctionsofgovernment,mainlyincludingsecurity,serviceandregulation.Inthelastpart,theauthorturnstosomespecificformsofgovernmentinordertogiveusaclearpictureofgovernmentsoperation.Finally,thispapercom
3、estoaconclusionbothfromtheangleofgovernmentandtheangleofcitizen.Asweallknow,thefunctionsofgovernment,whichisthethingsthatagovernmentshoulddo,comprisesvariousaspects.However,whatthingsshouldgovernmentexactlydo?PerhapsIcannotgiveapreciseanswerrightaway.Aseverythingisunder
4、constantdevelopmentandevolution,governmentisalsonoexception.What’smore,differentcountriesmayhavedifferentviewsaboutgovernmentandundertakedifferentformsofgovernmentaccordingtotheirhistoricaltraditionandnationalcondition.Therefore,Ifeelitnecessarytofirstlytalkabouttheorig
5、inandnatureofgovernmentbeforeIelaborateonthefunctionsofgovernment.1.theoriginofgovernmentAsThomasPaine(1997:52)statedinCommonSense:班级英美文学学号2009020243姓名单杨帆学习单元6等级“Societyisproducedbyourwants,andgovernmentbyourwickedness;theformerpromotesourhappinesspositivelybyunitingour
6、affections,thelatternegativelybyrestrainingourvices.Theoneencouragesintercourse,theothercreatesdistinctions.Thefirstisapatron,thelastapunisher.”Asproblemsareposedwiththegrowingsociety,itisessentialforgovernmenttoenforceregulationsoastominimizethedamagecausedbyhumandefec
7、ts.Locke(2003:141)alsopointsout:"Menbeing,ashasbeensaid,bynatureallfree,equal,andindependent,noonecanbeputoutofthisestate,andsubjectedtothepoliticalpowerofanother,withouthisownconsent.Theonlywaywherebyanyonedivestshimselfofhisnaturalliberty,andputsonthebondsofcivilsocie
8、ty,isbyagreeingwithothermentojoinanduniteintoacommunity,fortheircomfortable,safe,andpeaceablelivingoneamongsta
