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1、ATLASTdetectorneedsfordirectspectroscopicbiosignaturecharacterizationinthevisibleandnear-IRBernardJ.Rauscher,aMatthewR.Bolcar,aMarkClampin,aShawnD.Domagal-Goldman,aMichaelW.McElwain,aS.H.Moseley,aCarlStahle,aChristopherC.Stark,bandHarleyA.ThronsonaaNASAGodda
2、rdSpaceFlightCenter,8800GreenbeltRoad,Greenbelt,MD,20771,U.S.A.bSpaceTelescopeScienceInstitute,3700SanMartinDrive,Baltimore,MD,21218,U.S.A.ABSTRACTArewealone?Answeringthisagelessquestionwillbeamajorfocusforastrophysicsincomingdecades.Ourtoolswillincludeunpre
3、cedentedlylargeUV-Optical-IRspacetelescopesworkingwithadvancedcoronagraphsandstarshades.Yet,thesefacilitieswillnotliveuptotheirfullpotentialwithoutbetterdetectorsthanwehavetoday.Toinformdetectordevelopment,thispaperprovidesanoverviewofvisibleandnear-IR(VISIR
4、;λ=0.4−1.8µm)detectorneedsfortheAdvancedTechnologyLargeApertureSpaceTelescope(ATLAST),specificallyforspectroscopiccharacterizationofatmosphericbiosignaturegasses.Wealsoprovideabriefstatusupdateonsomepromisingdetectortechnologiesformeetingtheseneedsinthecontex
5、tofapassivelycooledATLAST.Keywords:LUVOIR,ATLAST,Life,Detector1.INTRODUCTIONThesearchforlifeonotherworldsloomslargeinNASA’s30-yearStrategicPlan.1,2Toenablethis,NASAisstudyingaLargeUV-Optical-IRSurveyor(LUVOIR)thatwoulduseadvancedcoronagraphsforstarlightsuppr
6、ession.1ATLASTisoneconceptforLUVOIR.Alternatively,aHabitableExoplanetImagingMission3hasbeenproposed.Thismightpairasmalleraperturespacetelescopewithastarshadeflyinginformation.Alternatively,anoff-axisnon-segmentedtelescopewithacoronagraphhasbeensuggested.Inanyc
7、ase,betterdetectorsthanexisttodayarehighlydesirable.OuremphasisinthispaperisonATLAST,4andspecificallyonATLAST’sdetectorsforspectroscopicbiosig-naturecharacterizationintheVISIR(hereafterjust“biosignaturecharacterization”).Althoughnotdiscussedhere,otherATLASTte
8、chnologyneedsincludeprecisionlarge-scaleoptics,ultra-stablestructures,starlightsup-pression,andmirrorcoatings(SeeRef.4).ThisemphasissetsasidetheimportanceoftheUVtoATLAST’soverallmission.Withinth
