15 Principles of Metabolic Regulation

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1、Formationofliverglycogenfromlacticacidisthusseentoestablishanimportantconnectionbetweenthemetabolismofthemuscleandthatoftheliver.Muscleglycogenbecomesavailableasbloodsugarthroughtheinterventionoftheliver,andbloodsugarinturniscon-vertedintomuscleglycogen.Thereexiststhereforeacomple

2、tecycleoftheglucosemoleculeinthebody...Epinephrinewasfoundtoacceleratethiscycleinthedirectionofmuscleglycogentoliverglycogen...Insulin,ontheotherhand,wasfoundtoacceleratethecycleinthedirectionofbloodglucosetomuscleglycogen.-C.F.CoriandG.T.Cori,articleinJournalofBiologicalChemistry

3、,1929Principles0fMetabolicRegulation15.1RegulationofMetabolicPathways570bepartiallydegradedtoprovideacetyl-CoAforfattyacidandsterolsynthesis.Andthebacterium.os-15.2AnalysisofMetabolic(ontrol577cheri,chi,acoli,canuseglucosetoproducethecarbonskeletonofeueryoneofitsseveralthousandtyp

4、esof15.3(oordinatedRegulationofGlycolysisandmolecules.Whenanycellusesglucose6-phosphateforGluconeogenesis582onepurpose,that"decision"affectsalltheotherpath-15.4TheMetabolismofGlycogeninAnimals594waysforwhichglucose6-phosphateisaprecursororin-termediate:anychangeintheallocationofgl

5、ucose15.5(oordinatedRegulationofGlyrogenSynthesis6-phosphatetoonepathwayaffects,directlyorindi-andBreakdown602rectly,theflowofmetabolitesthroughalltheothers'Suchchangesinallocationareconunoninthelifeofacell.LouisPasteurwasthefirsttodescribethemoreetabolicregulation,acentraithemein

6、biochem-thanl0-foldincreaseinglucoseconsumptionbyayeastistry,isoneofthemostremarkablefeaturesofculturewhenitwasshiftedfromaerobictoanaerobicIivingorganisms.Ofthethousandsofenzyme-conditions.This"Pasteureffect"occurswithoutasignif-catalyzedreactionsthatcantakeplaceinacell,thereisic

7、antchangeintheconcentrationsofATPormostoftheprobablynotonethatescapessomeformofregulation.hundredsofmetabolichtermediatesandproductsde-Thisneedtoregulateeveryaspectofcellularmetabo-rivedfromglucose.AsimilareffectoccursinthecellsofIismbecomesclearasoneexaminesthecomplexityofskeleta

8、tmusclewhenasprinterIeavesthestar