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1、doi:10.1111/pirs.12300UrbanspatialstructureinOECDcities:Isurbanpopulationdecentralisingorclustering?*PaoloVeneriRegionalDevelopmentPolicyDivision,OECD,2RueAndré-Pascal,75775,ParisCEDEX16,France(e-mail:paolo.veneri@oecd.org)Received:10October2016/Accepted:31March2017Abstract.Thispaperpresentsananaly
2、sisofurbanspatialstructureanditstrendsintheOECDbetween2001and2011,byusingastandardizeddefinitionoffunctionalurbanareas(FUAs)in29OECDcountries.Theprevalenttrendisanincreasingdecentralizationofthepopulation,withgrowthtakingplaceoutsideexistingcores,butclosetothem.Overall,resultsareconsistentwithapatte
3、rnofcontiguousgrowth.Thepopulationhasgrownmoreinrelativelylow-densitylocationsclosetothemaincentres.Closenesstosub-centresalsoprovestobeastrongadvantageforgrowthandsuggeststheemergenceofnewcentralitiesshapingurbanspatialstructures.JELclassification:R10,R11,R12Keywords:Cities,spatialstructure,polycen
4、tricity,sub-centres,sprawl1IntroductionThenatureandformofurbandevelopmentpatternshavebeenchangingmarkedlyinthepastfivetosixdecadesandtheyareconstantlyevolving.Theurbanpopulationhasalwaysincreased,althoughthesize-distributionofnationalurbansystemsstilltendstobestableovertime,anditisremarkablywell-des
5、cribedbyZipf’slaw(Duranton2007).Ontheotherhand,urbanstructurewithincities–forexample,thelocationofthepopulationthroughouttheurbanspace–hasbeenchangingmoreradically.First,citieshavebeenexpandingphysicallyandfunctionally,withpeopleandeconomicactivitiesspreadingoutfromtheexistingmajorcentres(Paulsen20
6、12).Thishaschangedtheconceptofacityintoamore‘regional’phenomenon–identifiedherewiththeterm‘functionalurbanarea’(FUA).Second,urbandensitygradientshaveonaverage*TheviewsexpressedhereinarethoseoftheauthoranddonotnecessarilyreflectthoseoftheOECDorofitsmembercountries.TheauthorwouldliketothankRudigerAhren
7、dforinspiringthisworkandprovidingcommentsandsuggestions.ValuablecommentswereprovidedalsobyRobertoBasile,MarcBarthelemy,MonicaBrezzi,LuizDeMello,MiguelÀngelGarcía-López,AlexanderLembcke,KarenMaguireandIvánMu
