head start and urban children’s school readiness a birth cohort study in 18 cities

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1、NIHPublicAccessAuthorManuscriptDevPsychol.Authormanuscript;availableinPMC2011March8.NIH-PAAuthorManuscriptPublishedinfinaleditedformas:NIH-PAAuthorManuscriptNIH-PAAuthorManuscriptDevPsychol.2011January;47(1):134±152.doi:10.1037/a0020784.HeadStartandUrbanChildren’sSchoolReadiness:ABirthCohortStud

2、yin18CitiesFuhuaZhai,SchoolofSocialWelfare,StonyBrookUniversityJeanneBrooks-Gunn,andPediatricsDepartment,TeachersCollegeandtheCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons,ColumbiaUniversityJaneWaldfogelSchoolofSocialWork,ColumbiaUniversityAbstractWeusedlongitudinaldatafromabirthcohortstudy,theFragileFamiliesa

3、ndChildWellbeingStudy,toinvestigatethelinksbetweenHeadStartandschoolreadinessinalargeanddiversesampleofurbanchildrenatage5(N=2,803;18cities).WefoundthatHeadStartattendancewasassociatedwithenhancedcognitiveabilityandsocialcompetenceandreducedattentionproblemsbutnotreducedinternalizingorexternaliz

4、ingbehaviorproblems.Thesefindingswererobusttomodelspecifications(includingmodelswithcity-fixedeffectsandpropensity-scoringmatching).Furthermore,theeffectsofHeadStartvariedbythereferencegroup.HeadStartwasassociatedwithimprovedcognitivedevelopmentwhencomparedwithparentalcareorothernonparentalcare,

5、aswellasimprovedsocialcompetence(comparedwithparentalcare)andreducedattentionproblems(comparedwithothernonparentalcare).Incontrast,comparedwithattendanceatpre-kindergartenorothercenter-basedcare,HeadStartattendancewasnotassociatedwithcognitivegainsbutwithimprovedsocialcompetenceandreducedattenti

6、onandexternalizingbehaviorproblems(comparedwithattendanceatothercenter-basedcare).Theseassociationswerenotmoderatedbychildgenderorrace/ethnicity.KeywordsHeadStart;schoolreadiness;urbanchildren;propensityscorematchingSinceitsinceptionin1965,HeadStarthasbeenthesinglelargestpubliclyfinancedearlychi

7、ldhoodeducationandcareprogramintheUnitedStates.HeadStart’sprimarygoalistoimprovetheschoolreadinessofchildrenfromlow-incomefamiliesbydeliveringhigh-qualityandcomprehensiveearlyeducationservicestopreschoolagechildren,inparticu