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ID:40103992
大小:4.42 MB
页数:13页
时间:2019-07-21
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1、KEVINSTOKERANDBRADL.RAWLINSThe"Light"ofPublicityintheProgressiveEraFromSearchlighttoFlashlightThisarticleexaminestheconnotativeevolutionoftheterm"publicity."Anhistoricalanalysisofarticlesimtteninmagat^ines,journals,andnempapersfrom1890to1930illustratesbowcorporationsandgovernmentco-optedideasofth
2、eprogressivemovementintoselfservingpructices.Progressivesvieu^edpublicityasamoralreformthatwouldopenpoliticsandbusinesstopublicscrutinyandhelppreventcorruption.Overtime,publicityevolvedintoacommunicationstrategyforcorporationsseekingpublicapprovalThisstudyfoundthatthechangefroma"broadsearchlight"
3、ofpublicitytoa"narrowflashlight"ofpositiveinformationinthehandsofpublicrelationsexpertsallowedbusinessandgovernmenttoshapepublicopinionratherthanbeinfluencedbyit.uringtheprogressiveera,amixofbusinessmen,social1920s,suchoptimismaboutpublicityhaddiedout.Insteadofprais-reformers,andeducatorssoughtto
4、restoremoralandcivicingpublicit)',journalismprofessorRoscoeC.E.BrowncondemnedDpurit)'byreformingbusiness,society,andgovernment,itasaweaponusedbycorporationstocontrolpublicopinion.ForPulitzerPrize-winninghistorianRichardHofstadtersnidhim,publicitywasanotherformofpropagandausedby"greatprogressivesw
5、antedbaektheeconomicindependenceandpoliti-corporations"whoserepresentatives"standguardatmanysourcescalfreedomdestroyedbygreatcorporationsandcorruptpoliticalofnews,fendingoffthetookeeninquirerandleavingthenewspa-machinesandtheirleaders,buttheyalsorecognizedthattheseor-perthechoiceoflettingitselfbe
6、spoon-fedorgoingempty."^Inganizationsweretheretostayandcouldbenefitsociety.'Theyre-lessthanthirtyyears,thedefinitionofpublicityhadchangedfromsolvedtomakebusinessandpoliticsmoreaccountabletothepeopleabroadsearchlightforexposingexcessandcorruptiontoacon-byusingpublicitytoexposeabuses.ProminentNewYo
7、rkCitytrolledflashlightilluminatingonlychosepracticesthatcorporationsbankerHenryClews,writingin1906,typifiedtheprogressives'at-wantedtliepublictosee.]ustasthesurroundingareabecomestitudetowardpublicity:darkerastheeyead
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