A Dynamic Theory of Organizational

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1、1(UJUtOADynamicTheoryofOrganizationalurnc~KnowledgeCreationcnowle(rganiz-cjuenGeshouldjnfortlVIkujiroNonakahowitInstituteofBusinessResearch,HitotsubashiUniversity,Kunitachi,Tokyo,JapanTheeletileratiori-andni’recommendthispapertoOrganizationSciencereadersbecauseIbelievethatit

2、hasthepotentialcreaticItostimulatethenextwaveofresearchonorganizationlearning.Itprovidesaconceptualdynarnframeworkforresearchonthedifferencesandsimilaritiesoflearningbyindividuals,groups,andproCesorganizations.vanceCArieY.LewinAbstractThetheoryoforganizationhaslongbeendomina

3、ted2.13Thispaperproposesaparadigmformanagingthedynamicbyaparadigmthatconceptualizestheorganizationasa0’aspectsoforganizationalknowledgecreatingprocesses.Itssystemthat‘processes’informationor~solves’prob-centralthemeisthatorganizationalknowledgeiscreatedlems.Centraltothispara

4、digmistheassumptionthataThethroughacontinuousdialoguebetweentacitandexplicitfundamentaltaskfortheorganizationishowefficientlystructknowledge.Thenatureofthisdialogueisexaminedandfouritcandealwithinformationanddecisionsinanuncer-patternsofinteractioninvolvingtacitandexplicitkn

5、owledgetainenvironment.Thisparadigmsuggeststhattheso-ation.areidentified.Itisarguedthatwhilenewknowledgeismattedevelopedbyindividuals,organizationsplayacriticalroleinlutionliesinthe‘input-process-output’sequenceofbetwtarticulatingandamplifyingthatknowledge.Atheoreticalhierar

6、chicalinformationprocessing.Yetacriticalprob-tinctilemwiththisparadigmfollowsfromitspassiveandframeworkisdevelopedwhichprovidesananalyticalper-epi5t~spectiveontheconstituentdimensionsofknowledgecre-staticviewoftheorganization.Informationprocessingcreatation.Thisframeworkisth

7、enappliedintwooperationalisviewedasaproblem-solvingactivitywhichcentersonexplumodelsforfacilitatingthedynamiccreationofappropriatewhatisgiventotheorganization—withoutdueconsid-ofn~organizationalknowledge.erationofwhatiscreatedbyit.Al(Self-DesigningOrganization;Teams;Knowledg

8、eCon-Anyorganizationthatdynamicallydealswithaals,version;OrganizationalInno