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1、RCSinRadarRangeCalculationsforMaritimeTargetsbyIngoHarre,Bremen,Germany(V2.0-20040206)1AbstractThiswebpagedealswiththeRCS(RadarCrossSection)parameteranditsapplicationinradarrangecalculationsforthedetectionofmaritimetargets.Itistheintentionoftheauthortocompilethebasicfacts,whichar
2、espreadinthetechnicalliteratureanddifficulttofind,andtocommentthemwherenecessary.RCSdataofshipsquotedevenintechnicalstandards,areoftenincompleteinthattheirconditions,suchasradarfrequency,applicabletargetaspectrange,andstatisticalproperties,aremissing.Theseconditionsshouldbetakeni
3、ntoaccountwhenperformingradarrangecalculationsinordertoobtainmeaningfulresults.InthispaperthebasicfactsrelatedtoRCSshallbeelucidated.Wherethereareopenquestionsyet,thesewillbementioned.2WhatisRCS2.1DefinitionsInradarreferencebookswefindvariousdefinitionsforRCS,e.g.:1BARTON,“Measur
4、eofthereflectivestrengthofatarget”.TheE.W.HandbookofU.S.Navydefines,“Ameasureoftheradarreflectioncharacteristicsofatarget.Itisequaltothepowerreflectedbacktotheradardividedbypowerdensityofthewavestrikingthetarget.Formosttargets,theradarcrosssectionistheareaofthecrosssectionofthesp
5、herethatwouldreflectthesameenergybacktotheradarifthesphereweresubstituted.RCSofsphereisindependentoffrequencyifoperatinginthefarfieldregion”.2SKOLNIKprovidesthefollowingshortandconcisedefinition,“Theradarcrosssectionofatargetisthe(fictional)areainterceptingthatamountofpowerwhich,
6、whenscatteredequallyinalldirections,producesanechoattheradarequaltothatfromthetarget”.2.2PhysicsRadiationtheoryteachesustheenergyinterceptedbyanobjectcanbereflected,absorbed,ortransmittedthroughthetarget.Therespectivesharesoftheenergyaddupto100%.Withthemaritimetargetsofinteresthe
7、re,wecanassumethatmostoftheenergyisreflected.RCS,asunderstoodinthispaper,shallrepresentthereflectivestrengthofaradartarget.13RCS,denotedbytheGreekletterσandmeasuredinm²,isdefinedas:Psσ=4ʌ×Eq.1PiPi:=powerdensity,orintensity,ofaplanewavestrikingthetarget,(W/m²),Ps:=powerperunitsoli
8、danglereflectedbythetarget,(W/sr=W).-56R
