3.美国文学史及选读大纲

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1、人文知识–美国文学部分美国文学主要分为五个时期TheLiteratureinColonialPeriodTheLiteratureAroundtheRevolutionofIndependenceAmericanRomanticismAmericanRealismAmericanModernismEarlyColonialLiterature.1607-1700TheLiteratureofColonialAmericaPuritanThoughts:(TheMayflowervoyage1620)“Puritans”,namedafterthosewhowi

2、shedto“purify”thechurchofEngland.TheFirstAmericanWriter:CaptainJohnSmithAnneBradstreet:(1612-1672)OneofthemostimportantfiguresinthehistoryofAmericanLiterature.SheisconsideredbymanytobethefirstAmericanpoet.Herfirstcollectionofpoems–TheTenthMuseLatelySprungUpinAmerica–Thefirstbookwrit

3、tenbyawomantobepublishedintheUnitedStates.EdwardTaylor(1642-1729)：ThebestofthePuritanpoetsTHEEIGHTEENTHCENTURYTheliteratureofReasonAndRevolutionTheAgeofReasoninAmericaTheAgeofEnlightenmentThe18th-centuryAmericanEnlightenmentwasamovementmarkedbyanemphasisonrationalityratherthantradit

4、ion,scientificinquiryinsteadofunquestioningreligiousdogma,andrepresentativegovernmentinplaceofmonarchy.Enlightenmentthinkersandwritersweredevotedtotheidealsofjustice,liberty,andequalityasthenaturalrightsofman.BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)America's"firstgreatmanofletters,"Heembodiedthe

5、Enlightenmentidealofhumanerationality.Hewasthefirstgreatself-mademaninAmerica.Franklin'sPoorRichard'sAlmanac,begunin1732andpublishedformanyyears,madeFranklinprosperousandwell-knownthroughoutthecolonies."Godhelpsthemthathelpthemselves.""EarlytoBed,andearlytorise,makesaManhealthy,weal

6、thy,andwise.""OneTo-dayisworthtwotomorrow."TheAutobiographyofBenjaminFranklinisaninspiringaccountofapoorboy’srisetowealthandfameandthefulfillmentoftheAmericandream.Itisabookontheartofself-improvement.ThomasPaine(1737-1809)ThomasPaine'spamphletCommonSense(Jan.10,1776)soldover100,000c

7、opiesinthefirstthreemonthsofitspublication.CommonSenseisoftenregardedasthegreatestoftheRevolutionarypamphlet.TheAmericanCrisis(1776-1783)ThomasJefferson(1743-1826)TheDeclarationofIndependencePOETOFTHEAMERICANREVOLUTIONPhilipFreneau(1752-1832)“PoetoftheAmericanRevolution”“FatherofAme

8、ricanPoetry”Amonghi