资源描述：
《经济学人-优化浪漫 恋爱中的经济学(上)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、经济学人:优化浪漫恋爱中的经济学(上)Finance and economics: Free exchangeOptimising romance财经：自由交流，优化浪漫To find true love, it helps to understand theeconomic principles underpinning the search.为找到真爱，理解支撑寻找的经济学原理是有帮助的。DATING is a treacherous business.约会是一个有风险的事情。There may be plenty of fish in the sea, yet many are
2、 unhygienic, self-absorbed, disconcertinglyattached to ex-fish, or fans of Donald Trump.人海茫茫，各种各样的人都有。但是大多数都是不讲卫生、自私自恋，尴尬地依附于前任或者是特朗普的粉丝。Digital dating sites, including a growing array of matchmaking apps, are meant to help.数字约会网站，包括数量正在不断增加的各种配对app意在帮人们一把。Their design owes more to hard-nosed e
3、conomics than it does to the mysteries of the heart.它们的设计更多的是归功于实用经济学，而不是心灵的秘密。In a sense, searching for a mate is not so different from hunting for a job.从一定意义上说，寻找真爱与寻找工作没有什么不一样。Jobs, like prospective partners, have their strengths and weaknesses, which makes finding theright one a matter of
4、complicated trade-offs.工作如同是意中人，既有优点也有缺点，这让找到正确的那个成了一件耗时费神之事。Such exchanges are different from other transactions, in that both parties must beenthusiastic about the match for it to happen.这种交流不同于其他的交易，双方必须对即将发生的配对充满激情。A supermarket, in contrast, does not particularly care whose wallet it is dr
5、aining, nor does thepower company agonise about whether a customer is worthy of its watts.与之相比，超市是不会特别在意自己正在榨取谁的钱包，电力公司也不会对客户是否值自己发的电而烦恼。Alvin Roth, who won a Nobel prize in economics for his work on market design, made a career ofstudying such “matching markets”, where supply and demand are no
6、t balanced by price.曾因市场设计研究获得过一次诺贝尔经济学奖的阿尔文·罗斯的专项就是研究此类“配对市场”。在配对市场中，供需的平衡不取决于价格。Instead, people transact based on information.相反，人们是基于信息进行交易的。An apple-seller can nudge down his prices until the whole cart is sold.一位苹果商贩可能会把价格慢慢降至整筐苹果被售出为止。Yet if Apple were looking to hire two workers, it woul
7、d not set a salary so puny that only twopeople applied.但是，如果苹果公司要雇佣两位员工，它就不会设置一种适用范围小到只有两个人申请的薪水。The quality of new hires often matters at least as much as their salaries.新员工的质量至少经常是与他们的薪水同样重要的。Mr Roth, who won the prize jointly w
