英美文学概况--殖民时期文学

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1、ColonialAmerican(Early17thCentury–TheEndof18theCentury)ChineseConfucianismAmericanPuritanismThebeliefsandpracticescharacteristicofPuritans(mostofwhomwereCalvinistswhowishedtopurifytheChurchofEnglandofitsCatholicaspects)ThefoundingfathersofAmericaAmericanPuritans:thefoundingfath

2、ersSelf-assertedGod-chosenpeoplewithastrongsenseofmissiontobuildthewildernessintoanewGardenofEdenaccordingtotheirownidealasNottoleranttodissenters:StrictnessandausterityinconductandreligionCalvinistsPracticalidealistsAgroupofreligiouspeoplewithaparticularstateofmind:JohnCalvin(

3、1509–27)wasaninfluentialFrenchtheologianandpastorduringtheProtestantReformation.PuritansbelievedthathumanbeingswerepredestinedbyGodbeforetheywereborn.SomewereGod'schosenpeople(God'select上帝的选民)whileotherswerepredestinedtobedamnedtohell.Thesuccessofone'sworkortheprosperityinhisca

4、llinggivenbyGodwasthesignofbeingGod'select.Therefore,everyonemustworkhard,spendlittleandinvestformorebusiness.Workinghardandlivingamorallifeweretheirethics.TheyregardedBibletobetheauthorityoftheirdoctrine.TobeabletoreadtheBibleandunderstandGod'swill,educationwasessentialforPuri

5、tans.TheshapinginfluenceofPuritanismuponAmericanLiteratureAmericanliterature:TheexpressionoftheAmericanPuritanbequestFortheestablishmentoftheGardenofEden(practiceoftheGod-endowedmission)withtheindomitablecourageandconfidenthope,firedwithasenseofmissionandthespiritofoptimismThei

6、nevitableoutcome---themoodoffrustrationanddespair---inthewakeoftheinitialoptimismandidealismSymbolismaspartofAmericanintellectualtradition:ametaphoricalmodeofperceptionSimplicityinwritingtechniqueThephysicalphenomenalworldisasymbolofGod.Physicallifewassimultaneouslyspiritual;ev

7、erypassageoflife,enmeshedinthevastcontextofGod’splan,possessedadelegatedmeaning.Theworldwas,inaword,oneofmultiplesignificance.Makeme,OLord,thySpinningWheelecompleat;     ThyHolyWordemyDistaffmakeformee.MakemineAffectionsthySwiftFlyersneate,     AndmakemySoulethyholySpooletob

8、ee.     MyConversationmaketobethyReele,     Andreele