阅读理解试题的设计

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1、阅读理解试题的设计ShakleXia提纲阅读能力TOEFL的研究阅读理解试题的功能阅读理解试题的文本阅读理解试题设计的选材阅读理解试题设计的标准阅读理解试题设计的种类阅读理解试题设计的步骤阅读理解试题设计的注意点国内同类试题设计的策略阅读能力ConceptualizingReadingProficiency1.Theprocessingperspective2.Thetaskperspective3.Thereaderpurposeperspective.TOEFL的研究UsingReaderPurposetoGuid

2、eTestDesign1.Readingtofindinformation(or“searchreading”)2.Readingforbasiccomprehension3.Readingtolearn4.ReadingtointegrateinformationacrossmultipletextsTOEFL的研究1.ReadingtoFindInformationOneofthemostbasicpurposesforreadingistolocateandcomprehenddiscretepiecesofin

3、formation.Peoplesearchtextforinformationinordertofindanswerstoquestionsthathavebeenposed,toverifyandrepairanymiscomprehension,andtofindthemostrelevantpartsofatextforinformationpurposes.TOEFL的研究2.ReadingforBasicComprehension.Thiscomprehensionpurposerequiresareade

4、rtounderstandthemainideasorthemainpointsofthetext,ortoformsomeunderstandingofthemainthemeofthetext.TOEFL的研究3.ReadingtoLearnWeassumethatreadingtolearnincorporatestheabilitytofindinformationandtodevelopabasiccomprehensionofthetext.However,readingtolearnalsorequire

5、sthereadertointegrateandconnectthedetailedinformationprovidedbytheauthorintoacoherentwhole.Thissortofintegrationrequiresanunderstandingofcause-and-effectrelationships,comparisonsandcontrasts,classificationrelationships,andpersuasiveintent.TOEFL的研究4.ReadingtoInte

6、grateInformation.Theabilitytointegrateinformationfrommultiplesourcesimplicatesallthereadingpurposesdiscussedabove.Thisreadingpurposerequiresareadertointegrateinformationfrommorethanonesource.Suchtasksrequireareadertoworkacrosstwoormoretextsandgenerateanorganizin

7、gframethatisnotexplicitlystated.Textsmayincludediagrams,charts,graphs,illustrations,andprose.阅读理解试题的功能Macro-skills:ScanningtexttolocatespecificinformationSkimmingtexttoobtainthegistIdentifyingstagesofanargumentIdentifyingexamplespresentedinsupportofanargument阅读理

8、解试题的功能Micro-skillsIndentifyingreferencesofpronouns,etc.UsingcontexttoguessmeaningofunfamiliarwordsUnderstandingrelationsbetweenpartsoftextbyrecognizingindicatorsindis