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时间:2019-05-12
《英文版产业经济学教程第4章价格歧视》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Chapter4PricediscriminationECNUOrientalRealEstateCollege4.1DefinitionAprevalentmarketingskillandeconomicphenomena.preferentialpriceorquantitydiscount.eg.Sometimespeoplewillthinkthatiffirmschargedifferentpriceondifferentconsumersforthesamegoods,itmeanspricediscrimination.Butthisunderstan
2、dingisincomplete.Inmuchcase,discretepricemaybeonlyreflecttrafficcostandsalescostfee.Andincertaincase,universalpricemeansdiscriminationonthecontrary(fixedfeeinbuseg.).Pricediscriminationmeansonefirmsalestheidenticalgoodstodifferentconsumerswithdifferentnetprice.(Philips,1983)Netprice,sub
3、tractproductdifferencefromgoodsprice.Ifpricedifferentiationjustreflectsthecostdifferenceofsupplyingtodifferentconsumers,wedeempricediscriminationdoesn’texist.Ratiotest《Harrypotter》inpainlypackededitionvs.deluxeedition,eg.Atthesametime,wecan’tsayprovidingdifferentqualitygoodstodifferentc
4、onsumersmeansnodiscrimination.Reasonofprovidingserviceindifferentquality(suchasclassedcabininaircraftsandtrains)partlyistogetconsumerssurplusbysegmentingconsumersintodifferentgroupsTheconceptof“identical”goods:BMWinUSAisthesametoinGerman?Generalequilibriumtheoristmaypointoutwithsomeexcu
5、se,goodsdeliveredindifferenttime,differentlocationanddifferentstateordifferentqualityisdifferentgoods,soscopeofpurepricediscriminationisverylimited.Conditionsofpricediscrimination1、firmsmusthasmarketpower.Weoftenconfineitinmonopolyoroligopolymarket,onlywhenfirmscanpricehigherthanmargina
6、lcost,cantheychargedifferentpriceondifferentconsumers.LocayandRodriguez,1992:competitivefirmsispossibletopracticepricediscrimination,ifconsumerspurchaseingroupunit.2、theabilityofeffectivemarketsegmentation.3、ensureofnoarbitrage.MarketsegmentationCanwefindarightwaytoconductmarketsegmenta
7、tion(theresultmustberelatedtopriceelasticityandWTP(willingtopay)statusgenderageLocationtimeusePurchasingamountKindsofarbitragesPossibilityofpricediscriminationisrelatedwithpossibilityofarbitrage.Onekindofarbitrageisrelatedwithtransferabilityofgoods.Iftransactioncostislow,priced
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