English Constitutional Monarchy 2011 - Culver City High School英国的君主立宪制2011 -卡尔弗城中学

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1、Ms.Snyder(CulverCityHighSchool)Ms.SusanM.PojerHoraceGreeleyH.S.Chappaqua,NYEnglishConstitutionalMonarchyBackground(1215-1603)MagnaCarta,1215Alistofdemandsmadebythenobility.CONTRACTEstablishedprincipleswhichlimitedthepoweroftheking:Establishedbasiclegalrights.Thekingmustaskforconsentfortaxes.

2、“RuleofLaw”Accusedmusthavejurytrial.-DueProcessModelParliament,1295KingEdwardIMilitaryleaders&nobilitytogether=Parliamenttoasktheirconsenttonewtaxes.“Powerofthepurse.”TheElizabethan“Bargain”Parliament:Powertotax.Candebateandamenddisputedbills.TheMonarch:Royalprerogative[right/choice]onforeign

3、policy.EnglishSocietybyTransformed1600NobilitynolongerplayvitalmilitaryroleIncreasinggentry(wealthylandowners)Losingauthorityingovernment–HouseofCommonsnear=toHouseofLordsTheEarlyStuarts(1603-1649)TheStuartMonarchyJamesI[r.1603-1625]JamesI’sspeechtotheHouseofCommons:Iamsurprisedthatmyancest

4、orsshouldeverbepermittedsuchaninstitutiontocomeintoexistence.Iamastranger,andfounditherewhenIarrived,sothatIamobligedtoputupwithwhatIcannotgetridof!JamesI[r.1603-1625]Wantedabsolutepower.AlienatedaParliamentgrownaccustomedto“balancepolity.”JamesI[r.1603-1625]Problemshefaced:Largeroyaldebt.Beli

5、evedinDivineRightofKings.ClashedwithParliamentHeraisedmoneywithoutParliament’sconsent!JamesI[r.1603-1625]ReligiousProblemsHealienatedthePuritansbyhisstrongdefenseoftheAnglicanChurch.ThreatenedtodrivePuritansfromEngland=>“HolyCommonwealth”InSeptember1620asmallgroupofPuritanswenttotheNewWorldbec

6、auseofconstantpersecution!“ThePilgrims”GunpowderPlot,1605AnattemptbysomeCatholicstokillKingJamesIBlowuptheHouseofLordsduringthestateopeningofParliament.GuyFawkes“SpeechestoParliament”1609-1610LaiddownclaimtorulebyDivineRight.By1611,JameshadenoughofParliamentRuledbyhimselfuntil1621CharlesI[r.1

7、625-1649]Pro-ceremoniesandrituals.Uniformityofchurchservicesimposedbyachurchcourt.AnglicanBookofCommonPrayerforbothEnglandANDScotland.BeliefinDivineRightSeenastoopro-Catholicandtooanti-PuritanbythePuritans.ManyTypesofPuritansAllwereCalv