资源描述：
《Constitutional monarchy》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、WhytheConstitutionalMonarchycanbepreservedinBritain?EverybodyknowsthattheUnitedKingdomstillkeepsanold-fashionedgovernmentestablishedonthebasisofconstitutionalmonarchy.ButwhytheconstitutionalmonarchycanbepreservedinBritain?Whatisconstitutionalmonarchy?Cons
2、titutionalmonarchyisaformofgovernmentinwhichakingorqueenactsasHeadofState.Inpractice,theSovereignreigns,butdoesnotrule;thecountryisgoverned,inthenameoftheSovereign,butbyHisorHerMajesty’sGovernment—abodyofministerswhoaretheleadingmembersofwhicheverpolitica
3、lpartytheelectoratehasvotedintooffice,andwhoareresponsibletoParliament.However,theSovereignretainsanimportantpoliticalroleasHeadofState,formallyappointingprimeministers,approvingcertainlegislationandbestowinghonours.TheSovereigngovernsaccordingtotheconsti
4、tution.PartoftheBritishConstitutionarewrittenandsomearenot.TheConstitutionismadeupofthreemainparts:StatutoryLaw(themostimportant),CommonLaw(deducedfromcustomorlegalprecedents),andConventions(rulesandpracticeswhichdonotexistlegally).TheHistoryandbackground
5、oftheconstitutionalmonarchyTheoriginsofconstitutionalmonarchyinBritaingobackalongway.Untiltheendoftheseventeenthcentury,Britishmonarchswereanexecutivemonarch,whichmeansthattheyhadtherighttomakeandpasslegislation.WiththesigningoftheMagnaCartain1215,forexam
6、ple,theleadingnoblemenofEnglandsucceededinforcingKingJohntoacceptthattheyandotherfreemenhadrightsagainsttheCrown.TheMagnaCartaisregardedasthefoundationoftheBritishconstitutionalism.Intheseventeenthcentury,theStuartkingspropagatedthetheoryofthedivinerighto
7、fkings,claimingthattheSovereignwassubjectonlytoGodandnottothelaw.Widespreadunrestagainsttheirruleledtocivilwarinthesecondhalfoftheseventeenthcentury.In1688-1689,BritainhadtheGloriousRevolutionandParliamentariansdrewupaBillofRights,whichestablishedbasicten
8、etsandlimitedthepowerofthemonarch.Andin1701,theydrewuptheActofSettlement.TheGloriousRevolutionwascomplete,inwhichParliamentsucceededinestablishingasystemknownasconstitutionalmonarchy.Theconstitutionalmonarchyweknowt
