cognitive-behavioraltherapy：认知行为疗法

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1、Cognitive-BehavioralTherapyOctober9,2007CBTviewofdepressionDepressionisrelatedtothewayindividualsperceiveandthinkabouteventsintheirenvironmentContributetoanegativeviewoftheself,theworld,andthefutureFeelingsofself-blame,failure,andhopelessnessImpactmoodandotherbehaviorsPeoplewith

2、depressionhavecognitivedistortionsintheirviewsofthemselves,theworld,andthefutureEVENTTHOUGHTFEELINGBEHAVIORTreatmentofDepressiveDisordersPsychosocialInterventionsCognitivetherapyIdentify,challenge,andmodifynegativethoughtprocessesMisattributionsNegativeself-monitoringShort-termf

3、ocusExcessivelyhighperformancestandardsFailuretoself-reinforceCognitiveDistortionsAll-or-nothingthinkingOvergeneralizationMentalfilterDisqualifyingthepositiveCognitiveDistortionsJumpingtoconclusionsMindreadingTheFortuneTellererrorCognitiveDistortionsMagnificationorminimizationEm

4、otionalreasoning“Should”statementsCognitiveDistortionsLabeling/mislabelingPersonalizationLearnedHelplessnessandDepressionSeligman(Seligman,1974;1975;1978)DepressionisdescribedintermsoflearnedhelplessnessDepressiondevelopsinindividualswhoperceivethemselvesashavinglittleornocontro

5、loverrewardsandpunishmentsintheirenvironmentLearnedHelplessnessDepressionresultsfromtheindividual'spropensitytoviewnegativeeventsintheirlifeasdueto:theirowncharacteristics(internalattributions)“it’sallmyfault,I’mjustnotgoodwithpeople,that’sjustwhoIam”factorsthatareunlikelytochan

6、ge(attributionsofstability)“IkeepgettingfiredbecauseI’mdumb,sowhybothertryingtogetanotherjob”factorsthatarelikelytohaveaninfluenceontheindividualacrosssituations(globalattributions)BehavioralViewsFerster(1974)andLewinsohn(1974):Depressionmayresultfromalackofsufficientpositiverei

7、nforcementintheenvironmentLackofreinforcementcanbecausedby:changeinresidencefailuretodisplayappropriatesocialskillsEtc.TreatmentofDepressiveDisordersPsychosocialInterventions,cont.Behaviortherapyfocusesonincreasingpleasurableactivitiesandevents,andprovidingtheyoungsterwiththeski

8、llsnecessarytoobtainmorereinforcementSundayMond