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1、福建师范大学硕士学位论文摘要本文透过大量文献和田野调查资料,系统论述了大唐西域高僧泗州僧伽(即“泗州佛”)的生平祌迹,以及该信仰的源流和现状。重点概括了泗州僧伽信仰自唐至清的兴衰嬗变,并分析其中的缘由。泗州僧伽,生前造福于民,坐化后其信仰盛于唐朱,以泗州普光王寺为道场,屡显神迹,受封为国师、文佛、大圣等。经各界宣传,他实现了从高僧向神僧再.向佛的飞跃。该信仰成为遍布全国的跨阶级信仰,i行一时。后因清康熙年间水淹泗州等因素,严重动摇了该信仰存在的根基,正统佛教中“泗州僧伽信仰”日渐衰微。随着明清佛教世俗化,该信仰在福建、江苏等地以民间信仰的方式复兴。“泗州僧伽”也成
2、功转型为民间俗神“泗州佛”。针对学界在有关泗州僧伽国籍姓氏、李白《僧伽歌》等方面的定论,文中阐述了不同见解。更重要的是,全文大致勾勒出了该信仰在全国各地乃至海外的现状,尤以福建为主,比如佛号、属性、职能、造像、佛诞日、仪式、分布区域、发展趋势等,得出了该信仰“兴于唐、盛于宋、发展于元明、衰于清,后转型为民间俗神,主要流行于福建、江苏一帯,并将逐渐湮灭”的结论,认为本土化是宗教信仰民间化、世俗化的必经之路,并呼吁社会及有关部门保护珍贵的宗教遗产。关键词民叫信仰民俗佛教福迚泗州佛泗州僧伽福建师范大学硕士学位论文AbstractThroughlotsofdocument
3、sandneldsurveydata,thisarticlesystematicallyexposedthelifemiracleofSizhouSangha("SizhouBuddha"),whowasaWestmonkintheTangDynasty,andthebeliefoftheoriginsandcurrentsituation.ItsummarizedthekeytotheriseandfallfromtheTangDynastytotheQingDynastyaboutSizhouSanghabelief,andthenanalizedthe'rc
4、asons.SizhouSangha,benefittopeopleduringthelifetime.Afterthat,hewaspopularamongTheTangandSongDynasties.HeregardedPuguanwangtempleinSizhouasabase,repeatedremarkablemiracleinseveralareas.Andhewasawardedgeneralofficial,WenBuddha,Dasheng(inChinese,wecallthem)andsoon.Throughpublicationofth
5、eworld,hefulfilledfrommonktodover,thenintoBuddha.Thisbeliefhadbeenpopularthroughallclassesalloverthecountry.AfterthefloodofQingDynasty,theexistedbeliefwasseriousshocked,sothatthepositionofSanghabeliefinSizhouoforthodoxwasdegraded.WiththesecularizationofMingandQingDynasties,thisbeliefw
6、asrejuvenedbyfolkbelieiinFujian,JiangsuandotherProvinces.SizhouSanghahadsuccessfullyturnedintothefolkgod"SizhouBuddha."WithregardstothenationalityandthenameofSangha,and“Sanghasong”writtenbyLibai.,thispaperdiscussedthedifferentopinions.Moreimportantly,thewholearticleoutlinedthecurrentc
7、onditionofthebeliefinthecountryandabroad,especiallyinFujianProvince,suchasthebuddhasignal,attribution,position,figure,thebuddhabirthday,ceremony,thezone,thedevelopmenttrend,etc.Inconclusion,thebeliefwasoriginedinTangDynasty,popularinSongDynasty,developinginYuanandMingDynasty,failedinQ
8、ingDy