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1、PartOneParagraphWritingChapterTwoMeansofParagraphDevelopmentII.DevelopmentbyExamplesI.LogicalOrderofParagraphIII.DevelopmentbyTimeOrderV.DevelopmentBySpatialOrderIV.DevelopmentbyProcessⅥ.DevelopmentbyCauseandEffectVIII.Comparison/ContrastIX.DevelopmentbyCombinationofMethodsVII.Developme
2、ntbyClassification1.LogicalOrderofaParagraphAfourthwaytoachievecoherenceistoarrangeyoursentencesinsomekindoflogicalorder.Yourchoiceofonekindoflogicalorderoveranotherwill,ofcourse,dependonyourtopicandonyourpurpose.Youmayevencombinetwoormoredifferentlogicalordersinthesameparagraph.Theimpo
3、rtantpointtorememberistoarrangeyourideasinsomekindoforderthatislogicaltoareaderaccustomedtotheEnglishwayofwriting.PretestReadthetwogroupsofsentencesbelow.Thenrearrangetheminlogicalorder.Usethetransitionwordsandphrasesandothercluestohelpyou.Finally,rewritethesentencesasaparagraph.Group1:
4、F,G,B,A,D,C,EGroup2:D,E,A,C,F,B2.LogicalDevelopmentsSomecommonkindsoflogicalorderinEnglisharechronologicalorder–developmentbytimeorprocess;analysis--logicaldivisionofideas;comparisonorcontrast;causeandeffect,etc.Eachkindoforderhasitsownspecialwordsandphrasestoshowtherelationshipsamongth
5、eideas.Forexample,chronologicalorderfirst,next,afterthat,finally,beforethelastwar,after1990,sincethen,in2010,whileworkingontheproject,etc.showingdifferenceorcontrastthemostnoticeabledifference,largerthan,unlike,ontheotherhand,incontrast,differfrom,etc.showingsimilaritiesorcomparisonsimi
6、larity,similarly,asexpensiveas,justas,justlike,comparewith,incomparison,etc.analysisIdeasareputintogroups,andeachgroupisdiscussedoneaftertheother.first,second,third,etc.Paragraph2Kindsoflogicalorder:ChronologicalorderTransitionalsignals:andso,Thenin46B.C.E.,and,notonly…butalso…,but,soin
7、1582,butEXERCISESReadthefollowingparagraphsanddecidewhichkindoflogicalorderisusedineachone.Givethereasonsforyourchoice.Circlealltransitionsignals.Paragraph1Kindsoflogicalorder:ContrastTransitionalsignals:forexample,Furthermore,ontheotherhand,and,incontrast,but,Inaddition,wherea