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1、济慈颂歌的原型解读AnArchetypalCriticismofJohnKeats‘sOdes吴欣欣左金梅全日制学术学位英语语言文学英美文学201362谨以此文献给无私教导我的老师、全力支持我的家人与朋友。——吴欣欣AnArchetypalCriticismofJohnKeats’sOdesAbstractResearchesonJohnKeatsandhisodesmainlyconsistofbibliographyandFreudiananalyticcriticismofthepoethimself,andaesthetic,histori
2、calandculturalstudiesofKeats‘sodes.Eco-criticismisalsoontherise,butresearchesarestillmainlysituatedonthehorizontallevel.TheconnectionbetweenKeats‘sodesandtheproceedingintellectualachievementshasbeenout-proportionallyignored.Morespecificallyspeaking,thearchetypeshiddenintheseod
3、esdidnotreceivetheirdueattention.LikeWilliamShakespeare,JohnKeatsisendowedwithacapaciousuniversalspirit,blendingthearchetypesheinheritedfrombothliteraryandphilosophicalpredecessorsintohissixgreatodes–―OdetoPsyche‖,―OdetoaNightingale‖,―OdeonaGrecianUrn‖,―OdeonMelancholy‖,―Odeon
4、Indolence‖and―ToAutumn‖.ThisthesisattemptstoprovideamoresystematicanddetailedanalysisofthetwomainarchetypesmanifestedinKeats‘sodes–therebirtharchetypeandtheMandalaarchetype.ChapterOneanalyzestherebirtharchetypemanifestedinJohnKeats‘sodes.Thepoetfirstdepictstheeternalparadoxoft
5、ransienceandimmortalityfacedbyallhumanbeings,andthencreatesaprecariousbalanceforthisopposingpairthroughthefrozenmoment.ThisbalanceisfurthersteadiedbyKeats‘scycleoflife,whichisrealizedinthenaturalcycleofseasons,theperiodicinternalstructureoftheodes,andhisconceptoftheromanticize
6、ddeath.Inthiscycle,deathnolongerrepresentstheultimateend.Itbecomesanotherstartingpointforafreshcycleoflifeandanewchancetosoarupintotheperfectrealmwhichissymbolizedasparadise.AlthoughthiscyclicalviewoflifeseemstoresembleBiblicalreincarnationandresurrection,itdiffersfromtheBible
7、inthatittreatsrebirthonthebroaderlevelofthewholegenusIratherthantheindividual.Insteadoftheindividualreincarnation,JohnKeatsemphasizedtheendlessnessofthesuccessionofgenerations.Moreover,unliketheonce-and-for-allfallofhumanbeingsdescribedintheBible,thiscyclicalviewofliferegardst
8、hepathbetweenearthlylifeandheavenlylifeascyclicalratherthanli
