Rankings_ Top of the class _ The Economist.pdf

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1、Specialreport:UniversitiesRankingsTopoftheclassCompetitionamonguniversitieshasbecomeintenseandinternationalMar28th2015

2、FromtheprinteditionASJAMILSALMIleavesthestageataTimesHigherEducationconferenceinQatar,heismobbedbypeoplepressingtheircardsonhim.AsaformercoordinatoroftheWorldBank’stertiarye

3、ducationprogrammeandauthorofabookentitled“TheChallengeofEstablishingWorldClassUniversities”,heisthewhitehairedsageoftheworldclassuniversitycontest.Andheisgreatlyindemand,forthecompetitiontoclimbtheinternationalrankingshasbecomeintense.HighereducationinAmericahaslongbeenastronglycompetitivebu

4、siness.StudentsanduniversitypresidentsalikekeenlywatchtherankingsproducedbytheUSNewsandWorldReport.Suchrankingsencouragestratification.Oneofthemetricsistheproportionofstudentsauniversityturnsaway,whichencouragesselectivity.Thatinturnencouragesdifferentiationbetweenbetterandworseuniversities.

5、TheAmericanmodelisthusquitedifferentfromthecontinentalEuropeanone,which(asidefromFrance’sgrandesécoles)isalotlessselectiveandmorehomogeneous.Nowcompetitionandstratificationarespreading.AccordingtoEllenHazelkorn,authorof“RankingsandtheReshapingofHigherEducation”,therearearound150nationalranki

6、ngsaroundtheworld.Butthankstoglobalisationandthegrowthininternationalstudentflows,attentionhasshiftedfromnationaltointernationalrankings.Governmentswanttopclassuniversitiesbecausethemoderneconomyisdrivenbyhumancapital.Thegoalistonurturepeoplewhowillcreateintellectualpropertyandclustersofhigh

7、techcompaniessimilartothosearoundStanfordandCambridge.Agreatresearchuniversityisnotasufficientconditionforcreatingsuchacluster,saysJeanLouChameau,formerpresidentofCaltechandnowpresidentofSaudiArabia’sKingAbdullahUniversityofScienceandTechnology(KAUST);but“youcan’tdoitwithouthavingmorethanone

8、greatuniversityaround.”Increasingrelianceontuitionfeesisanotherreasonformorecompetition.Students“wanttobesurethattheyhavegotabigglobalbrandontheircertificatethat’sgoingtobeapassporttotheirfuture”,saysPhilBaty,editoratlargeofTimesHigherEducation.Ame