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1、5/15/2015Thegreatsurvivor
2、TheEconomistObituary:WladyslawBartoszewskiThegreatsurvivorWladyslawBartoszewski,aPolishstatesman,diedonApril24th,aged93May9th2015
3、FromtheprinteditionWHENHitler’sforcesmarchedintoWarsawinSeptember1939,WladyslawBartoszewski’sparentstoldhimnottopanic.TheyhadexperiencedGermano
4、ccupationduringthelastwar.Therewouldbeinconvenience,disorderandevenlooting.Heshouldbecareful.Butitwouldnotbetoobad—theGermanswere,afterall,westEuropeans—andbynextyear,theBritishandFrenchwouldarrive.TheBartoszewskiscouldhardlyhavegiventheirteenagesonworseadvice.TheWesternalliesnevercame;insteadtheSo
5、vietsjoinedintheNaziattack.HitlernotonlywipedPolandoffthemap,butaimedtoobliterateitslanguage,cultureandpeople.Wladyslaw,caughtinarandomroundup,wassenttoAuschwitz.Hewouldhavediedthere,butexceptionallyhisemployer,thePolishRedCross,managedtogethimoutby1941.Freed,hewrotedownthefirstaccountoftheplace.Wh
6、enalittlegirlonthetrainhomeofferedhimsomebreadandcheese,itwasthefirsttouchofhumanitysincehisarrest.HeshowedthatkindnesstoPoland’sJews.ThroughZegota,apartofthePolishundergroundstatesetupforthepurpose,hehelpedprovidethemwithfood,shelter,medicalcareand,duringthedoomedWarsawghettouprisingin1943,arms.Al
7、lthiswaspunishedbydeath,butMrBartoszewski—Zegota’slastsurvivor—scoffedattheideathatitwasromanticorheroic.Thoseinvolvedwouldhavethoughtsuchtalk“crazy”.He,andthey,simplybelievedthatHitlershouldnotdictatewhatwasrightorwrong.Hislifelongmottowas“Bedecent”.Itdidn’talwayspay,butitwasalwaysworthit;whereasb
8、adbehaviouroftenpaidoff,butwasn’tworthit.Manyyearslaterhewouldbecome“RighteousamongNations”attheYadVashemmemorialinIsrael.ButlikemanyvaliantPoles,hispostwarfatewaspersecution.Prisonunderthehttp://www.economist.com/node/21650524/print1/35/15/2015Thegreatsurvivor
9、TheEconomistnewcommunistauthoritieswa
10、snobetterthanAuschwitz,herecalledgrimly.PostStalinistPolandwasmostlyboringandtiresomeratherthanhorrible.Abornoptimist,herefusedtobecastdown.Likemanyintellectuals,hespentdecadesinagreyzoneofhalftoleratedwrit
