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1、IEEETRANSACTIONSONPOWERELECTRONICS,VOL.28,NO.11,NOVEMBER20135215AClass-ERFPowerAmplifierWithaFlat-TopTransistor-VoltageWaveformArturoMediano,SeniorMember,IEEE,andNathanO.Sokal,LifeFellow,IEEEAbstractThispapershowsanewclass-Eamplifiertopologywiththeobjectivetoincrea
2、sethenominalclass-Eoutputpowerforagivenvoltageandcurrentstressonthepowertransistor.Toobtainthatresult,aparallelLCresonatorisaddedtotheloadnet-work,tunedtothesecondharmonicoftheswitchingfrequency.Aclass-Epoweramplifierisobtainedwhosetransistor-voltagewave-formpeakv
3、alueis81%ofthepeakvalueofthevoltageofanominalclass-Eamplifierusingthesamedcsupplyvoltage.Inthisampli-fier,thepeakvoltageacrossthetransistoris3.0timesthedcsupplyvoltage,insteadofthe3.6timesassociatedwithnominalclass-EFig.1.Low-orderclass-Eamplifier.amplifiers.Anormali
4、zeddesignispresented,andthebehaviorofthecircuitisanalyzedwithsimulationshowingthattheratioofoutputpowerversustransistorpeakvoltagetimespeakcurrentis20.4%betterthanthenominalclassE.Theproposedconverterandnormalizeddesignapproachareverifiedbysimulationsandmeasuremen
5、tsdoneonanexperimentalprototype.IndexTermsClassE,efficiency,highefficiency,powerampli-fier,transistorpeakvoltage.I.INTRODUCTIONHEclass-Eamplifier[1]–[3]isoneofthemostimportantFig.2.Normalizednominalclass-Evoltageandcurrentwaveforms.Tswitching-modepoweramplifiersusedin
6、powerelectron-ics[4]–[6]andradio-frequencyapplications[7].Inprinciple,theamplifierefficiencycanapproach100%,withactualvaluesofefficiencyusuallyintherangeof70–93%[3].Fig.1showsthemostcommonclass-Etopology,namelythelow-orderclassE.Thetopologyconsistsofapowertransistor
7、actingasaswitchtoobtainhighefficiency,aloadresonantcircuit(C1,C2,L2),achokeL1whichactsasadccurrentFig.3.Flat-topclass-Etopology.source,andaloadresistanceRload,towhichtheoutputpowerisdelivered.Highefficiencyisobtainedbecausetheoutputcircuitisde-currentId(t),andVswpk
8、isthepeakdevicevoltageVd(t),whichsignedtoensurethatthevoltageacrosstheswitchisalreadyatisalimitationinsomeapplications[8].ornearzeroattheinstantofturnONandthec
