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1、VOLTAGEANDPOWERQUALITYCONTROLINWINDPOWERAPPLICATIONSBYMEANSOFDYNAMICCOMPENSATION.byRolfGrünbaumABBPowerSystemsAB,ACPowerDivisionVasteras,SwedenABSTRACTWindpower,asarule,doesnotcontributetovoltageregulationingrids.Also,windpowerveryoftenisasourceofvoltagefluc
2、tuationsandflicker.Furthermore,caremustbetakentoupkeepavailabilityofnetworksmoreorlessdependentonwindpowerbypreventingthevoltagefromcollapsinginconjunctionwithfaultsoccurringinthegrid.ThepapertreatstheabovecharacteristicsofACgridspoweredbyasynchronouswindgen
3、erationaswellasproposesmeasuresforsafeguardingofacceptablepowerqualityandavailabilityofthesaidgrids.Themeasuresproposedarebasedondynamiccompensationofreactivepower,bymeansofthyristoraswellasIGBT(InsulatedGateBipolarTransistor)technology.1.INTRODUCTIONAfterde
4、cadesofdeliberations,windpowerisstartingtoplaymorethanjustasymbolicroleinanincreasingnumberofcountries´energybalances.Worldwide,some10000MWofwindpowerisinoperationtoday.Itisexpectedthatbytheendof2002,thisfigurewillhaveincreasedto20000MW.Oneexample:tenyearsag
5、owindpowerwasbutofmarginalimportanceinGermany.Today,withmorethan3000MWinoperation,thecountryisEurope´smostimportantuserofwindpower.InFrance,upto500MWareexpectedtobeinoperationbytheyear2005.InDenmark,morethan1000MWofwindpowerisnowcontributingabout5%ofthecount
6、ry´selectricenergybalance.Bytheyear2005,therewillbe1500MWinoperation.Inalongperspective,thereispoliticalconsensusthatabouthalfofthecountry´spowerbalanceistobebasedonwind.InstallationsfastemergingNowemergingareseabasedwindpowerfarms,wherelargeamountsofwindpow
7、ergeneration(typicallytensofMWuptomorethanahundred)islocatedoutintheseaandwherethepowerislandedthroughpowerfulunderwatercables.ThefirstwindpowerfarmofftheDanishcoast,rated150MW,istobecommissionedin2002.ACtransmissionwillturnouttobeaneconomicallyandtechnicall
8、yattractiveoptioninmanycases,anddynamicreactivepowercompensationwillthenbeanaturalpartofthescheme.Thedominatingkindofwindpowergeneratorsareasynchronous,thissincetheyarerobustandcosteffective.Ind
