资源描述：
《非政府组织，群众参与和社区在城市发展中的作用精选》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、NGOs,PublicParticipationandUrbanCommunityDevelopment:SocialReforminLocalUrbanGovernanceinChina*ThisresearchandwritingforthispaperwassupportedbyagrantfromUrbanChinaNetworkinMumfordCenterinUniversityatAlbany.IthankprofessorAnthonyM.OrumandProfessorXiangmingChenfortheircomment
2、sfortheircommentsonanearlierdraftofthispaper.[Author]YuanRen,PhDAssociateProfessorinInstituteofPopulationResearch,FudanUniversityemail:yuan_r@hotmail.com[ABSTRACT]Thepaperdescribesthereisasocialreformafter1980sinwakesofeconomicreforminlocalurbanChina.Theresearchfocusesonthe
3、newandevolvinglocalgovernancemodelanditsthreesalientfeatures,thoseincludeautonomyinresidentscommittee,developmentofNGOs,publicparticipationandvolunteering.Thesocialreformisattheturningpointfromverticaladministrativepatterntocivilsocietybasedlocalurbanmanagementpattern.Thepa
4、persuggeststhekeyissuetoadvancesocialreformisthatgovernmentrelaxesitscontrolandempowerstothesociety,anditisneededtomakeinstitutionalbreakthroughwithbottomupcommunitydevelopment.[KEYWORDS]NGO,PublicParticipation,CommunityDevelopment,SocialReformRecently,therearemanyinvestiga
5、tionsoflocalurbanadministrativedevelopmentinchinacities,andmostoftheresearchesareundertheframeworkoflocalpolitics,thatis,theyfocusontransferringpowerfromuppergovernmenttolowerlevelgovernmentthrough“twolevels’government,andthirdlevels’administration”.Myresearchwilltakeasocio
6、logicalpointofview.WhatIwilldiscussisthesocialsysteminurbanChinaafter1980s,andhowtobuildupasocialsystemoutsideandparallelwithgovernmentadministrativesystemthroughgrassrootscommunitydevelopment.ThisprocessshapestheongoingsocialreforminurbanChina.1.TheNewandEvolvingPatternofL
7、ocalUrbanGovernance21Beforethereformandopeningpolicywastaken,Chineseurbanmanagementtooka“totalitariangovernment”pattern,whichmeantanalmightygovernmentcoversallfieldsofsocietyandeconomy.Ittookavertical‘district--subdistrict--residentscommittee’hierarchicmanagementsysteminloc
8、alurbangovernance.Thesubdistrictwastherepresentativeorganizationsofdistrictgovernm
