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1、HonorsChemistryUnit7AOrganicChemistryØAllotropesØIsomersØHydrocarbonsoAlkanesoAlkenesoAlkynesoAromaticsØAlkylHalides82828282ParentChain:MethaneCH4EthaneC2H6PropaneC3H8ButaneC4H10PentaneC5H12HexaneC6H14HeptaneC7H16OctaneC8H18NonaneC9H20DecaneC10H22UndecaneC11H24DodecaneC12H26Branch
2、es(onelessHydrogenthanParentChain):allprefixescanbemadeintobranchesMethylCH3EthylC2H582Introductionofparentchainandbranches82OrganicChemistry·HydrocarbonscontainCarbonandHydrogenonly·IfallbondsonthecarbonsaresinglebondsdrocarbonAlkanesqHaveformCnH2n+2(wheren=#ofcarbons)qEndingofth
3、enameis“ane”NameMolecularFormulaCnH2n+2StructuralFormulaModelMethaneEthanePropaneButane2-MethylpropaneExample1:3-ethylheptane82Example2:2,7-dimethylnonaneExample3:4-ethyl-2,4,5-trimethyloctaneExample4:3,3,4,4-tetraethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylhexaneCycloalkanesqAllsinglebondsqHaveform
4、CnH2nqEndsofchainbondtogether(lose2hydrogens)Examples:82Morepractice-NamingAlkanesDrawingAlkanes82UnsaturatedHydrocarbons=notallcarbonshave4singlebonds(doubleortriplebonds)AlkenesqStructurecontainsdoublebondsqHaveformCnH2nNameMolecularFormulaCnH2nStructuralFormulaModelEthenePropen
5、e2-ButeneDrawingandnamingAlkenestructures:82Moredrawingandnamingalkenes82AlkynesqStructurecontainstriplebondsqHaveformCnH2n-2NameMolecularFormulaCnH2n-2StructuralFormulaEthyne1-Propyne1-ButyneNaminganddrawingAlkynes:82AromaticHydrocarbonsqMustcontainatleastonebenzeneringNamingArom
6、atics82Date__________Name____________________________________Class______ModernChemistryLabPracticalUniton"OrganicChemistry"I.Problem:Whataresomeofthedifferencesbetweenvariousorganiccompounds?Youwillbegivensomenotesandthenaskedtodesignamodeloftheseorganiccompoundsincluding:alkanes,
7、isomersofalkanes,alkenes,alkynes,alcohols,organicacids,aldehydes,ketonesandsomenitrogencontainingorganiccompounds.II.BackgroundInformation:AlkanesaresaturatedhydrocarbonswithaformulaofCnH2n+2.Isomersofalkaneswouldhavethesameformulabutdifferentstructures.Otherinformationwillbegiven
8、atthebeginningofeachdayofthislabp
