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1、我国优秀男子竞技健美操运动员专项体能指标构建和评价体系摘要:采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、特尔菲法、实地测试法和数理统计等方法,以备战2012年世界健美操锦标赛的国家健美操集训队男子运动员为研究对象,构建我国优秀男子竞技健美操运动员专项体能结构模型,为教练员安排整体和个体化训练提供理论依据,也为运动员进行自身评价提供标准和指导。研究表明:1)我国优秀男子竞技健美操运动员专项体能结构模型包括专项协调素质(托马斯无限量)、专项柔韧指标(正肩、反肩、躯干分屈、横叉、左纵叉)、专项速度指标(120s“8字”10m往返跑)、专项力量指标(60s屈体分腿跳、30s俯卧推拉球、提倒立无限
2、量)、专项耐力素质(60s提臀-直角支撑转体组合)等5个主因子,11项指标;2)由专项体能结构模型和权重模型可知,快速力量、身体控制能力、协同能力、柔韧素质及无氧耐力对比赛胜负的影响较大;3)在专项体能结构模型、权重模型的基础上,进一步构建专项体能指标的单项评分标准与综合等级评定标准。关键词:竞技健美操;专项体能指标;专项体能结构模型;权重模型;专项体能评价体系中图分类号:G83文章编号:1009-783X(2013)06-0545-06文献标志码:AConstruetionandEvaluationSystemofSpecialPhysicalFitnessIndexo
3、fEliteManSportsAerobicsAthletesinChinaWANGZhimingl,ZHUHongweil,WANGHong2,LIXuepinglAbstract:Adoptingresearchmethodssuchasliteraturereview,expertinterview,Delphimethod,fieldtestandmathematicalstatistic,thepresentresearch,takingthemensportsaerobicsathletespreparingfor2012WorldSportsAerobics
4、Championshipsasresearchsubjects,setstoconstructthephysicalfitnessstrueturemodelofelitemansportsaerobicsathletesinChina,soastolayatheoreticalfoundationforcoachestoarrangeintegralandtheindividualtrainings,andtoprovideacriterionandguidanceforathletestoevaluatethemselvesindifferenttrainingspe
5、riods.TheresuItsindicatethat:1)thephysicalfitnessstrueturemodelforelitemansportsaerobicsathletesinChinaincludeselevenindicatorsandfivemainfactors,whicharespecialcollaborationindicators(Thomasunlimited),specialflexibilityindicators(shoulder,anti-shoulder,trunkdividingflexor,horizontalfork,
6、leftverticalfork),specialspeedindicators(120sfigure-of-eight10mshuttlerun),specialstrengthindicators(60spikestraddlejump,30spronepush-pullball,invertedunlimited),specialenduranceindicators(60ship-atrightanglestosupporttheswivelcombination);2)specialphysicalfitnessstrueturemodelandtheweigh
7、tqualityindexmodelshowsthatrapiditystrength,physicalcontrol,collaborativeability,flexibilityqualityandanaerobicendurancehavegreatimpactonthematch;3)BasedonSpecialphysicalfitnessstructuremodelandtheweightqualityindexmodel,webuildindividualscorecriterionandcomprehensi