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1、扎根理论种避免偏见调查方法【摘要】在大多数社会科学,研究人员可以使用定量或定性的方法,这是没有争议的。与定量研究相比,定性研究带有更强的文学风格和个人的特点,这是不可避免的,因此定性研究被认为倾向于引进研究员的偏见。像其他定性研究方法,扎根理论最反映利用定性研究一一调查过程中避免偏差。扎根理论具有特定程序是灵活的,而且在最宽泛的意义上内给予许可信度和效度。【关键词】定量研究;定性研究;扎根理论Quantitativeresearchisalwayscomparedwithqualitativeresearch,whichisthee
2、xam,analysisandexplanationofresearchersforfindingimpliedmeaningsandcombiningformsofrelationships,includingclassificationsofdifferentkindsofphenomenaandactivities,inawaythatdoesnotincludemathematicalmethods.Inmostsocialsciences,theresearchercanuseeitherquantitativeorqua
3、litativemethods,whichisuncontroversial,andeachcanbeusedwhenthereistheneed・Comparedwithquantitativeresearch,qualitativeresearchisofmoreliterarystyleandinmorepersonalvoice,whichisinevitabletobethoughtthestudywhichismadeunderthismethologyhasatendencytobringinresearcher"sb
4、ias・Asinotherqualitativeapproaches,thegroundedtheorymaybeoneofthemcanmostreflecttheadvantageofqualitativeresearch一avoidingbiasintheprocessofinvestigating.Groundedtheoryhasspecificproceduresandassociatedcanonswhichisflexiblebutwithinlimits,whichgivepermittoreliabilityan
5、dvalidityinthebroadestsense・uFormalreliabilityandvalidityassessmentsforgroundedtheoryproducts,conductedinthatorder,areconsistentwiththetenetsofthisinductivemethodologyandwithmeasurementtheory;theyareessentialforefficient"(Atwood,Hinds,Benoliel,&Artinian,1986)Hereare2po
6、intsIgotafterreadingthematerials:1.Theconceptswedealwithisalways^discoveredfromdata(induced),systemicallyabtainedandanalyzed^(Glaser&Strauss,1967)Ingroundedtheory,analysisisassistedwithdatacollection,theanalysisbeginsassoonasthefirstafewdataiscollected.Comparingwithoth
7、erresearchmethods,it'smorescientific,foroncetheoriginalanalysisstarts,itcanprovidematerialsforthenextintervieworobservations,ononehand,itwon,tmissanythingsincethefirstdatawillbeanalyzedindetails・Ontheotherhand,nomatterhowtheinvestigatorsareinfavorofaparticularconcept,i
8、fitshowsnoreleveneetothetopicinthecontinuedstudy,itmustbediscarded・Thetraditionalunderstandingofreliabilityfocusesons