【5A文】诺曼征服.ppt

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1、PowerpointTemplatesNormanConnquest诺曼征服诺曼征服（Normanconquest）以诺曼底公爵威廉为首的法国封建主对英国的征服1066年9月末，威廉率兵侵入英国，10月,双方会战于黑斯廷斯，英国战败12月25日，威廉加冕为英国国王，即征服者威廉一世，诺曼王朝开始对英国的统治OriginoftheNormansTheyweredescendedfromNorseViking(北欧海盗).TheFrenchkinggavetheNorseleaderalargetractoflandinthenorthernpartofFranceonconditionth

2、attheNorsemenpromisedtoaidhiminwarandtoaccepttheChristianreligion（基督教）.TheplacewheretheylivedtookonthenameNormandy(诺曼底).TheythemselvescametobecalledtheNormans（诺曼人）,meaningNorthman.mapofNormandyWilliamI1.1028–9 September10872.HewasknownasWilliamtheBastard(私生子)becauseoftheillegitimacy（不合法性）ofhisbir

3、th,beforehisconquestofEngland3.HewasthefirstNormanKingofEnglandfrom1066until1087.BackgroundEdwardtheConfessor(1042—1066)diedin1066withoutanheirthreeclaimantstothethroneHarold（哈罗德）—theking’swife’sbrother,selectedbyWitanWilliam—DukeofNormandy,Edward’scousinHarald（哈拉尔德）—KingofNorway1064105110661.Edw

4、ardtheConfessorpromisedWilliamthekingofEnglandafterhisdeath.3.HaroldbecamethekingofEngland.2.Haroldpromisedtosupporthimtobetheking.4.Heatoncepreparedforaninvasion.InOctober1066,adaylongbattlenearHastings,England,changedthecourseofhistory.Begins....TheNormanInvasion(侵略)WilliamofNormandycrossestheE

5、nglishChannelWilliamdefeatsHaroldandAnglo-SaxonarmyFrenchreplacesEnglishasthelanguageoftherulingclass公元1066年路线TheinfluenceoftheNormanConquest1.Afirmlyestablishedfeudalsystemcompelled（强迫）allthesub-vassals（子臣）totakeoathsofloyaltytohimdirectlyaswellastotheirimmediateoverlordsputtheadministrationofju

6、sticeunderthecontrolofthekingAmuchstrongercontroloverthecountrybytheRome-backedCatholicChurchreplacedEnglishbishops（主教）withNormansmadehimselfheadofthebishopsreplacedtheWitan（贤会议）withtheGrandCouncilofhisnewtenants-in-chief（封建领主）FrenchculturefloweredontheEnglishsoil.FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageC

7、oexisting（同时共存）ofthreelanguages:French,LatinandOldEnglish,whichlaterdevelopedinto“MiddleEnglish”Theking’scourtatLondon（伦敦国王法庭）wasachiefcenterofFrenchcivilization.CulturalheritageCompiledDoomsdayBook(Apropertyrecord)Bay