医学英语专业词汇

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·目录一、内科常用字汇心血管系统血液及淋巴系统呼吸系统消化系统内分泌系统神经系统肌肉骨骼系统泌尿及男性生殖系统特殊感觉器官综合字汇二、妇产科常用字汇三、小儿科常用字汇四、精神科常用字汇五、各科常用缩写六、解剖式内外科常用字汇七、癌症相关单字八、医院内常见单字九、病历表内常见单字·· ·十、诊断用具一、内科常用字汇心血管系统TheCardiovascularSystemAcuteMyocardialInfarction(AMI)急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram(DCG)心电图HypertensiveCardiovascularDisease高血压性心脏血管疾病CongentialHeartDisease先天性心脏病Hemangioma血管瘤Vasodilatation血管扩张Arteriosclerosis动脉硬化Hypertension高血压Hypertrophy肥大Hypotension低血压Varicoseveins静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统TheHemicandLymphaticSystemAdenitis腺炎AcuteLymphogenousLeukemia急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少SystemicLupusErythematosus·· ·全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统TheRespiratorySystemPulmonaryembolism肺栓塞Mucosa黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎LungEmpyema肺积脓消化系统TheDigestiveSystemShortofbreath呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia吞咽困难Gingivitis·· ·齿龈炎Pharyngitis咽炎Laryngitis喉炎Esophagoscopy食道镜检查Esophagusstricture食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastriccancer胃癌Gastritis胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloricobstruction幽门阻塞DuodenalUlcer十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis腹膜炎Enterorrhagia肠出血Enterorrhexis肠破裂Appendicitis阑尾炎Coloncancer结肠癌Proctoscopy直肠镜检查Rectalcancer直肠癌AnalFistual肛门?I管Externalhemorrhoid外痔Internalhemorrhoid内痔Excretion·· ·排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly肝肿大GallStone胆结石Cholelithiasis胆石症LiverCirrhosis肝硬化Ascites腹水内分泌系统TheEndocrineSystemGlycemia糖血症Goiter甲状腺肿DiabetesMellitus糖尿病DiabetesInsipidus尿崩症Bromidrosis汗臭症PituitaryTumor脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统TheNervousSystemCerebralArteriosclerosis脑动脉硬化CerebralHemorrhage脑出血CerebralEdema脑水肿CerebraPalsy脑性麻痹CerebralThrombosis脑栓塞CranialNeruritis脑神经炎IntracranialHemorrhage颅内出血Encephalitis·· ·脑炎Electromyography肌电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy癜痫TrigeminalNeuralgia三叉神经痛Rachitis?偻症Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯Spondylitis脊椎炎Quadriplegia四肢麻痹Paraplegia下半身瘫痪Immediatelylossofconsciousness立即丧失意识Eyeopening睁眼反应Verbalresponse语言反应Motorresponse运动反应Cornealreflex角膜反射Plantarreflex膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea舞蹈症Muscleatrophy肌萎缩Migraine偏头痛Parkinson'sDisease巴金森式症BrainSwelling脑肿胀brainConcussion·· ·脑震荡brainAnoxia脑缺氧症brainDeath脑死肌肉骨骼系统TheMusculoskeletalSystemAnteriorCruciateLigament前十字韧带RheumatoidArthritis类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化DegeneratedJointDisease变性关节炎ClavicleFracture锁骨骨折PelvicFracture骨盆骨折PlasticParisCast整形硬石膏MatastaticLesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation截肢Bonegraft骨移植HalluxValgus大拇指外翻ProsthesisReplacement人工弥补置换术RangeofMotion运动范围Varus内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统TheUrinaryandMaleReproductiveSystemCystitis·· ·膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿RenalStone肾结石AcuteRenalFailure急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成BenignProstaticHypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大Ureteralstenosis输尿管狭窄Dysuria排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症UrinaryTractInfection尿路感染Vasoligation输精管结扎Impotence阳萎特殊感觉器官TheOrgansofSpecialSensesAudiometer听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea耳漏Tympanitis中耳炎Tympanotomy鼓膜穿破术Nasitis鼻炎Nasopharyngeal·· ·Carcinoma鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea鼻溢IntraocularForeignBody眼内异物Intraocularpressure眼内压OculusUterque双眼OculusSinister左眼OculusDexter右眼ExtraocularMuscle眼外肌Ophthalmologist眼科医师Diplopia复视Myopia近视Blepharoptosis眼睑下垂Corneitis角膜炎PupilSizeAnisocoria瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy视网膜固定术RetinalDetachment视网膜剥落Visualfield视野Vocalnodular声带结节Dermatologist·· ·皮肤科医师Dermatitis皮肤炎Cataract白内障Glaucoma青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication禁忌症Biology生物学Hyperemesis剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual同性的Heterosexual异性的Inject注射Lipoma脂肪瘤Lipoid脂肪样的Lipomatosis脂肪过多症Malformaiton畸形Malaise不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia夜尿症Ployuria多尿Narcotics麻醉药Hyperplasia增殖Dysplasia发育不良Dyspepsia消化不良Prognosis预後Antipyretic·· ·解热剂Hydrophobia恐水症Photophobia畏光Antibiotic抗生素Syndrome症候群Hydrotherapy水疗法Perforation穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital生殖的Gynecology妇科Menstruation月经Menopause更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea无月经Dysmenorrhea经痛Menarche初经Cervicalcancer子宫颈癌Cervical·· ·Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary卵巢OvarianCyst卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography乳房X光摄影术Infertility不孕症InVitroFertilization体外受精Amnion羊膜Amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术AmnioticFluidEmbolism羊水栓塞Hydramnion羊水过多Anterpartal产前的Antepartum分娩前ChorionicVilliSampling绒毛膜绒毛取样CephaloPelvicDisproportion胎头骨盆不对称ArtificialInsemination人工受精Engagement进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum初乳TerminationofPregnancy·· ·终止怀孕CorpusLuteum黄体VacuumExtractionDelivery真空吸出分娩VenerealDisease性病TubalLigation输卵管结扎Laparoscope腹腔镜Embryo胚胎EctopicGestation子宫外孕Primipara初产妇AttitudeofFetus胎儿体位DeadDetusinUterus胎死腹中Multipara经产妇Parity经产PlacentaPrevia前置胎盘Postpartum产後Postpartumhemorrhage产後出血ToxemiaofPregnancy妊娠毒血症Adolescence青春期BasalBodyTemperature基础体温CesareanSection剖腹产ExpectedDateofConfinement预产期FallopianTube输卵管Forceps·· ·产钳HydatidiformMole水囊状胎块LaborPain阵痛PainlessLabor无痛分娩Molding胎头变形NormalSpontaneousDelivery正常自然生产PapanicolaouSmear子宫颈抹片检查PrematureRuptureofMembrance早期破水Progesterone黄体素Stillbrith死产Suture缝合Stump残物WithdrawalBleeding停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停AplasticAnemia再生不良性贫血ArterioVenousMalformation动静脉畸形BronchialAsthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma头血肿Erythema红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration·· ·脱水Hydrocephalus水脑Hydrocele阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis脑炎Gastroenteritis肠胃炎NecrotizingEnterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的CongenitalMalformation先天性畸形NeonatalAsphyxia新生儿窒息CleftPalate颚裂Diarrhea腹泻DentalCaries龋齿FacialNerveParalysis颜面神经麻痹HivesUrticaria蕈麻疹Torticollis斜颈Vaccine疫苗Incubator保温箱Cleftlip兔唇Chickenpox·· ·水痘Clubfoot畸足Diphtheria白喉Denguefever登革热Eczema湿疹Congenitalsyphilis先天性梅毒GermanMeasles/Rubella德国麻疹Giantbaby巨婴Gonorrhea淋病HepatitisBB型肝炎Hand-foot-mouthdisease手足口病Jaundice黄疸Mongolianspots蒙古斑Mumps腮腺炎Respiratoryarrest呼吸停止Roseolainfantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mentalretardation智能不足autism自闭症dement痴呆症alzheimer'sdementia阿尔?海默式形痴呆症alcoholism·· ·酒瘾substancesIntoxication物质中毒alcoholIntoxication酒精中毒amphetamineIntoxication安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病delusionalDisorder妄想性病患MajorDepressiveDisorder重郁症疾患phobia畏惧症obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder强迫性病患pedophilia恋童癖exhibitionism暴露狂TransvesticFetishism扮异性恋物癖GenderIdentityDisorders性别认同疾患AnorexiaNervosa心因性厌食症BulimiaNervosa心因性暴食症临床症状bluntedaffect感情迟钝sillyLaughter傻笑apathy冷漠irritable易怒的euphoria欣快感depression·· ·忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾FlatAffect感情平淡suicideattempt自杀企图queerbehavior怪异行为bizarrebehavior特异行为hypertalkative多话hypotalkative少话mutistic不语hyperactivity活动过多hypoactivity活动过少compulsivebehavior强迫行为verbigeration重复语言catelepsy僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctivebehavior破坏行为autisticthinking自闭性思考povertyofspeech言语贫乏flightofideas意念飞跃looseningofassociation思考连结松散illogicalthinking不合逻辑思考pressurespeech言语急迫thoughtblocking·· ·思考中断incoherent语无伦次thoughtWithdrawal思想退缩irrelevant答非所问delusion妄想delusionofpersecution被害妄想delusionofgrandeur夸大妄想Phobia恐惧症acrophobia惧高症algophobia惧痛症sexualdrive性欲illusion错觉hallucination幻觉auditoryhallucination听幻觉disoreinatation失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation虚谈症orientation定向力judgement判断力derealization失真感insight病识感noinsight无病识感intellectualinsight·· ·理性的病识感trueemotionalinsight真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词freeassociation自由联想dreamanalysis梦的解析ego自我id原我superego超我egoboundary自我界限libido原欲scapegoat代罪羔羊internalconflict内在冲突conscious意识unconscious潜意识preconscious前意识transference情感转移depersonalization人格解体derealization脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病PleasurePrinciple享乐原则RealityPrinciple现实原则MoralPrinciple·· ·道德原则PredisposingFactors潜在因素PrecipitatingFactors诱发因素DefenseMechanism防卫机转compensation补偿作用conversion转化作用denial否认作用displacement转移作用dissociation解离作用fantasy幻想作用identification认同作用introjection内射作用projection外射作用retionalization合理化作用reactionformation反向作用degression退化作用repression潜抑作用suppression压抑作用restitution归还作用sublimation升华作用substitution取代作用symbolism象徵作用undoing·· ·抵销作用distortion曲解作用isolation隔离作用CognitivebehavioralTherapy认知行为治疗Empathy同理心Resistance阻抗testingoutbehavior试探行为self-awareness自我了解separationanxiety分离焦虑reinforcement增强原则catharsis情绪宣泄confrontation面质listen倾听restraint约束physicalrestraint身体的约束chemical药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAADagainst-advicedischarge自动出院Aabdomen腹部ADLactivitiesofdailylife日常生活活动A/Galbumin/globulinration白蛋白/蛋球白比例AKaboveknee膝上·· ·B.BEbelowelbow肘下BHbodyheight身高b.i.dtwiceaday一日两次Bilbilateral两侧的BKbelowknee膝下BMbowelmovement肠蠕动BMRbasalmetabolicrate基础代谢率BPHbenignprostatichypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTIbiliarytractinfection胆道感染BUSblood,urine,stool血液,小便,大便BWbodyweight体重C.Ca.Carcinoma癌CBCcompletebloodcount全血球计数CBDcommonbileduct总胆管CHcerebralhemorrhage脑出血ChestP-Achestposterio-anterio前後胸部COcardiacoutput心输出量CPRcardiopulmonaryresuscitation心肺复苏术CPSchronicparanasalsinusitis慢性鼻窦炎C/Tchemotherapy·· ·化学治疗法CTcerebralthrombosis脑栓塞CTScancomputerizedaxialtomographyscan电脑断层检查CVAcerebralvascularaccident脑血管意外CVPcentralvenouspressure中心静脉压D.DCdiscontinue停止D&Cdilatationandcurettage扩张及刮除术DMdiabetesmellitus糖尿病DPTdiphtheria,pertussis,tetanus白喉,百日咳,破伤风DUduodenalulcer十二指肠溃伤E.ECGeletrocardiogram心电图EEGelectroecephalogram脑电波图ENTear,nose,throat耳鼻喉F.FHfamilyhistory家族史FHSfetalheartsounds胎心音FOUfeverofunknown不明原因发烧Frfracture骨折G.GBgallbladder胆囊GItractgastricintestinaltract·· ·胃肠道GSRgeneralsurgicalroutine一般外科常规gtt.Drops滴GUgenitourinary生殖泌尿的GYNgynecology妇科学HHbhemoglobin血色素HICHhypertensiveintracerebralhemorrhage高血压性脑内出血h.s.atbedtime睡前HTHypertension高血压Ht.(Hct.)Hematocrit血球容积HxHistory病例IICPIntermittentcatheterizationprogram间歇性导尿ICUIntensivecareunit加护病房ICTIntracerebraltumor脑内肿瘤I&DIncisionanddrainage切开及流IICPIncreasedintracranialpressure增高胪内压Imp.Impression臆断IMIntramuscular肌肉内的I&OIntakeandoutput输入及排出IVIntravenous静脉内的IVKOIntravenouskeepopen·· ·静脉点滴维持通畅JJej.Jejunum空肠Jt.Joint关节KKn.Knee膝KUBKidney,ureter,baldder肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFTliverfunctiontest肝功能试验LLQleftlowerquadrant左下象限LMPlastmenstrualperiod最後一次月经MMBDmaybedischarged可出院MNmidnight午夜NNKAnonknownallergy不明原因的过敏NPnothingparticular并无特别的NPCnasopharyngealcarcinoma鼻咽癌NPOnothingbymouth禁食O.OAosteo-arthritis骨性关节炎OBoccultblood潜血OBSobstetrics·· ·产科OPoperation手术OPDoutpatientdepartment门诊Ortho.Orthopaedic骨科矫行的OSocularsinistro左眼OToccupationaltherapy职能治疗OUBotheyes双眼Pp.c.aftermeals饭後PCTPenicillintest盘尼西林测验PEPhysicalexamination身体检查PIPresentillness目前病况p.o.bymouth由口PPUPerforatedpeticulcer穿孔性胃溃疡PTPhysicaltherapy物理治疗PTAPriortoadmission入院前PTNParenteraltotalnutrition肠道外的高营养QQevery每一q.d.everyday每日q.heveryhour每小时q.i.d.fourtimesaday每日四次q.m.everymorning·· ·每日早晨q.n.everynight每日晚间RRArheumatoidaarthritis类风湿性关节炎RBCredbloodcell红血球RNregisterednurse护理师R/Oruleout可能是RRrecoveryroom恢复室R/Tradio-therapytest放射治疗RUQrightupperquadrant右上象限Rxtake取拿Medication处方Treatment治疗SSc.Subcutaneous皮下的SOBshortofbreath呼吸短促SP.g.r.specificgravity比重S/Pstatus/postoperation手术後s-shalf一半St(stat)immediately立刻Staph.Staphylococcus葡萄球菌Tt.i.d.Threetimesaday·· ·每日三次TPRTemperature,pulse,respirations体温、脉搏、呼吸TURPTrans-urethralresectionofprostate经尿道切除摄护腺UURIUpperrespiratoryinfection上呼吸道感染WWBCWhitebloodcell白血球Whitebloodcount白血球计数YY/Oyearold年龄Zzero零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇Thecardiovascularsystem心血管系统lungs肺脏venisvessels血管capillaries微血管cardi心脏arteriesbloodclot凝血TheHemicandLymphaticSystem血液及淋巴系统Blood血液Redbloodcell·· ·红血球Whitebloodcell白血球Platelet血小板TheRespiratorySystem呼吸系统Bronchialtube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest胸Air气TheDigestiveSystem消化系统Lips唇teeth牙齿tongue舌bileduct胆管gallbladder胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum·· ·回肠appendix阑尾smallintestine小肠largeintestine大肠rectum直肠anus肛门pancreas胰stomach胃esophagus食道pharynx咽TheEndocrineSystemGlands腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary脑下腺Thyroidandparathyroids甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts乳房Ovaries卵巢Testes睾丸TheNervousSystemBrain脑Spinalcord·· ·脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经TheMusculoskeletalSystem肌肉骨系统Skull头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum胸骨Ribs助骨Joints关节Ligaments韧带Tendons肌腱Cartilage软骨TheUrinaryandMaleReproductiveSystem泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney肾脏Renalpelvis肾孟Vasdeferens精管Urinarybladder膀胱prostate·· ·gland前列腺scrotum阴囊testis睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道TheOrgansofSpecialSenses特殊感觉器官Acousticnerve听神经Ear耳朵Hearing听觉的tube耳咽管Eardrum耳骨膜Eustachian欧式管Nasalcavities鼻腔Nose鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tearduct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroidlayer脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic·· ·nerve视神经Obstetrics&Hynecology妇产科常用字汇Fallopiantube输卵管Ovary卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum大脑corpuscallosum胼胝体thalamus视丘cerebellum小脑diencephalon间脑cerebralpeduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis脑下垂体midbrain中脑pons桥脑medulla延脑brainstem脑干眼球构造pupil瞳孔suspensoryligaments·· ·悬韧带ciliaryprocess捷状突retinalveins网膜静脉retinalarteries网膜动脉opticnerve视神经anteriorchamber前眼房posteriorchamber後眼房iris虹膜vitreousbody玻璃状体internalrectusmuscle内直肌lacrimalpuncta泪孔lacrimalcanaliculi泪小管lacrimalgland泪腺excretorylacrimalduct泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea耳蜗eustachiantube耳咽管helix耳壳tympanicmembrance鼓膜externalauditorycanal外耳道semicircular·· ·canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlearnerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva齿龈molars大臼齿premolars小臼齿canines犬齿incisors门齿vestibuleofmouth口腔前庭upperlip上唇upperlipfrenulum上唇系带alveolarprovess齿槽突hardpalate硬颚palatinetonsil颚扁桃腺sublingualcaruncle舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1.gastriccancer胃癌2.pancreaticcancer胰脏癌3.coloncancer结肠癌4.rectalcancer直肠癌5.prostatecancer摄护腺癌6.nasotharyngdalcarcinona鼻咽癌7.cervical·· ·cancer子宫颈癌8.lungcancer肺癌9.esophagealcancer食道癌10.bladdercancer膀胱癌11.larynglcaner喉癌12.ovariancancer软巢癌13.livercancer肝癌14.skincancer皮肤癌15.breastcancer乳癌16.leukemia血癌17.bonecancer骨癌18.braintumor脑癌19.heartdisease心脏病20.lymphoma淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital医院Nursingschool=nursinghome护理学校(nursinghome)Privateconvalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nurseryschool)处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方DepartmentofMedicine=DepartmentofInternalMedicine内科Residentinmedicine内科住院医师ChiefofMedicine内科主任(Medical·· ·man)Internist=intern=intern实习生(Internist=内科医师)Houseofficer医院医师的称呼Juniorandseniorstudents医学院学生(通常3或4学生)Extern医院实习生Clinicalclerk从事病历记录实习之学生Studentnurse护理学生Graduatenurse护理学校毕业的护士Registerednurse(R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Headnurse护士长Scrubnurse手术助理护士Practicingphysician=physicianinpractice=practitioner开业医生Ambulance=ambulatory救护车(不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)Ambulant可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulantorypatient住院患者可走动(Mayambulate,ambulatory,upadlib,maywalk)Malingerer装病的人(malinger装病)Paretic麻痹患者Malpractice诊疗错误Emergencyroom急诊室Ward·· ·病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人Narcotic麻醉药Nurse护士Doctor医生Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist牙科医生Gynecologist妇科医生Orthopedist骨科医生Oculist眼科医生Pediatrician小儿科医生Psychiatrist精神病医生Intern实习医生Examinationtable诊疗台Clinicalthermometer体温计Stethoscope听诊器Reflector反光镜X-raycheckupX光检查X-rayphotographX光像片Operation手术Scalpel·· ·手术刀Syringe针筒Hypodermicneedle注射针Injection注射Icebag冰袋Fixationforceps固定镊Medicine,drug药品Bandage绷带Absorbentcotton脱脂棉Gauze纱布Mask口罩Wheelchair轮椅Crutches?收?br/>Ambulance救护车Stretcher担架Chart病历表Prescription处方Bloodpressure血压Bloodtype血型Artificialrespiration人工呼吸Pill药丸Capsule胶囊Ointment软膏Iodinetincture·· ·碘酒Sedative镇静剂Intensivecareunit加护病房CardiopulmonaryResuscitation(CPR)心肺复苏术Intravenousdrip点滴Chemotherapy化学治疗ComputerizedTopography电脑断层magneticresonanceimaging核磁共振BureauofNationalHealthInsurance中央健保局Fracture骨折Gypsum石膏九、病历表内常见单字Frontsheet,Summarysheet首页,摘要表Historysheet病历表Physicalexaminationsheet身体检查表Physician'sordersheet医嘱单Physician'sprogressnote医生用病情进展记录Laboratoryreports检验报告RadiographicreportsX光检查报告Nursingnotes护理记录Graphicchart图式病历Dischargesummarysheet出院摘要Operationreport·· ·手术报告Anesthesiarecord麻醉记录Consultationsheet会诊单Intakeandoutputsheet摄取与排泄记录Consent(orpermission)foroperation手术同意书Emergencyroomrecord急诊室记录住院病历表身家调查事项(identifyingdataorbiographicdata)admissiondate住院日期hospitalnumber=chartnumber病历号码roomnumber病房号码namesexagebirthdatebirthplacemaritalstatus=civilstatus婚姻状况addressoccupationempolyer雇主公司行号healthinsurancenumber医疗保险号码referringphysician·· ·转介医生各系统的表现状况--全身状态违和感malaise(=avaguefeelingofbodilydiscomfort,indefinitebodilyweaknessordiscomfort)feelunwell(ill,poorly)疲劳感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguorlackofenergy(vigor)listlessnessexhaustionworn-out虚脱无力状态weaknessfeeblenesslack(loss)ofstrengthdebilitypowerlessnessprostration(=extremeweaknessor·· ·exhaustion)asthenia睡眠状态sleepslumber(=lightsleep)anap(=ashortsleep)adoze(=alightorfitfulsleep)入睡fallasleep;gotosleep小睡takeanap;takeadoze;slumber;doze;drowse欲睡的sleepy;drowsy;somolent;lethargic睡意sleepiness;drowsiness;somnolence摧睡become(=feel=get)sleepy(=drowsy=somnolent)睡眠不足loss(=lack=want)ofsleep失眠insomnia;sleeplessness;wakefulness;inabilitytosleep失眠症的人insomniac熟睡sound(profound)sleep睡醒awake;wake;rouse;awaken作梦dream恶梦nightmare梦游症sleepwalking;somnambulism梦游病者sleep-walker;somnambulist;night-walker体重方面(weight;bodyweight)体重为weigh~;be~inweight最高·· ·maximum最低minimum平均average最适optimum现在present体重减少weightloss;lossofweight体重增加weightgain;gaininweight;increaseinweight瘦thin;lean;skinny瘦弱emaciated(emaciation)肥胖fat;stout;fatty体温状况(bodytemperature量体温takeone'stemperature发烧fever;pyrexia;rise(elevation)oftemperature;increaseintemperature发烧的feverish;febrile;fevered;pyrexic;pyrexial无发烧的afebrile;feverless;apyrexial发冷achill;rigor;haveacoldfit寒颤shiver;shake;shakingchills;shiveringwithchills退热fall;drop;godown;abate;remit发汗sweating;perspiration弛张热remittentfever间歇热intermittentfever连续热continuousfever危险期by·· ·crisis转轻期bylysis疼痛方面偏头痛migraine;megrim;hemicrania;後头部痛occipitalpain侧头部痛temporalpain前头部痛frontalpain头痛have(suffer)aheadache;one'sheadaches;feelapaininthehead耳痛earache;soreears;toalgia咽喉痛sorethroat;pharyngalgia眼痛havepainfuleyes;one'seyeshurt(smart)齿痛toothache胸痛chestpain心前部痛precordialpain心绞痛anginalpain胸股下後痛substernal(retrosternal)pain胸膜炎痛pleuriticpain腹痛abdominalpain;belly(stomach)ache上腹痛epigastricpain;painintheepigastrium上腹部痛upperabdominalpain下腹部痛lowerabdominalpain左上腹部痛leftupperquadrantpain侧腹部痛flank·· ·pain背痛backache腰痛lowbackache;lumbago关节痛jointpain肌肉痛muscularpain神经痛neuralgia绞痛colic;colickypain胆石绞痛biliaryorgallstonecolic肾石痛renalcolic痛cramps;crampy(cramping)pain;spasmodic博动痛throbbing(pounding,thumping,pulsating)pain转移性痛radiatingpain;painwithradiation牵连痛referredpain电击痛lightning(fulgurant,shooting)pain带状痛girdlepain神经根性痛rootpain空腹痛hungerpain夜间痛nocturnalpain自发痛spontaneouspain压痛tenderness固定痛fixed(steady)pain灼热痛burningpain刺状痛lancinating;piercing;stinging;darting;·· ·stabbing分裂状头痛splitting;racking撕裂状痛tearing;rending;钝痛dull;obtuse;剧烈痛sharp;excruciating;tormenting;torturing;racking;agonizinglysevere不断阵痛gnawing;griping擦伤痛stinging;smarting;sore针刺痛pricking;pricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸breath;respiration呼吸困难difficultyinbreathing;dyspnea呼吸短促beshortofbreath;shortnessofbreath;beshort-winded;beoutofbreath;loseone'sbreath深呼吸breathedeeply叹息sigh;drawalongbreath喘息pant端坐呼吸orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难exertionaldyspnea;difficultyinbreathingonexertion(physicalactivity)夜间呼吸困难nocturnaldyspnea呼吸快速tachypnea;rapidbreathing喘呜wheeze;wheezing打喷嚏sneezing;sneeze打嗝hiccup(hiccough);singultus咳嗽·· ·cough阵发性咳嗽haveafitofcoughing;haveaparoxysmal清喉clearthethroat乾咳drycough;hackingcouth;nonproductivecough有痰咳productivecough;coughwithsputum喀痰sputum;phlegm;expectorate喀血hemoptysis;bloodyexpectoration粘喀痰viscid(tenaceous;thick)sputum浓喀痰frothysputum泡沫状喀痰mucoidsputum脓性喀痰purulentsputum血性喀痰bloodysputum混血喀痰blood-streakedsputum绿色喀痰greenishsputum锈色喀痰rustysputum感冒commoncold流形性感冒influenze;flu;grippe上呼吸道感染upperrespiratoryinfection(U.R.I.)胸膜炎pleruisy气喘asthma心悸palpitation悸动palpitate;throb脉搏暂停pauseinthepulse;skippedpulse(heart·· ·beat)速脉rapidpulse;tachycardia徐脉slowpulse;bradycardia高血压highbloodpressure;hypertension;hypotension心脏麻痹heartattack;heartfailure;cardiacstandstill狭心症angina(=anginapectoris)心脏瓣膜症valvulardiseaseoftheheart;leakingheartvalve(leakyheart)动脉硬化hardeningofthearteries;arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳haveapoorcirculationofblood间歇性跛行intermittentclaudication消化器官系统食欲不振apoor(weakorbad)appetite;nolittleappetite;loss(lackordecrease)ofappetite;anorexia食欲增进increase(improvement)ofappetite无食欲haveno(little;apoor)appetite食欲旺盛haveastrong(voracious)appetite丧失食欲loseone'sapptite空腹anemptystomach咀嚼chewing;mastication吞咽swallowgulp吞咽困难difficultyinswallowing;dysphagia嗳气打噎belching;eructation打酸噎sour·· ·eructation心灼热heatburn;pyrosis;waterbrash逆流regugitation恶心nausea;retch;heaving;nauseousfeeling;sicklyfeeling感到恶feelnausea(nauseous,nauseated,sick,queasy);retch;heave;feellikevomiting呕吐vomiting;emesis;vomit;throwup;bringup;spew呕吐物vomit;vomitus;vomitedmatter咖啡渣coffee-grounds消化digestion消化不良indigestion;dyspepsia腹部饱胀abdominaldistention;bloating;flautulence;meteorism;gassiness腹鸣borborygmus;gurgling;growling;rumbling黄疸jaundice;icterus腹水ascites通便bowelmovement;bowelhabit;passstools;moveone'sbowels;defecate;evacuatethebowels;下痢diarrhea;loosebowels;便秘constipation水状waterystool(feces)血状bloodystool柏油状tarrystool泥状mushystool软状loosestool硬状hard·· ·stool呈固状formedstool呈半固状semiformedstool大便失禁fecalincontinence放屁passgas;passwind;passflatus泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿urination;micturition;pass(void)urine;urinate;micturate尿意urge(desire)tourinate尿急urinaryurgency频尿urinaryfrequency夜间频尿frequenturinationduringthenight;nycturia多尿polyuria少尿oliguria无尿anuria排尿困难difficultyinurination;dysuria闭尿urinaryretention尿失禁urinaryincontinence夜间多尿nocutria夜尿症bed-wetting;enuresis混浊尿cloudy(turbid)urine血尿bloodyurine;hematuria性欲sexualdesire;libido性交sexualintercourse;coitus;·· ·coition杨萎impotence勃起erection射精ejaculation早泄prematureejaculation遗精pollution梦遗nocturnalpollution(emission);wetdream包茎phimosis;tighteningoftheforeskin(prepuce)割礼circumcision性病veneraldisease(V.D.)月经menstruation;menses;periods;menstrualperiods初潮menarche;onsetofmenses停经menopause更年期climacteric;changeoflife痛经dysmenorrhea;painfulmenstruation无月经amenorrhea;missedperiods月经过多menrrhagia;hypermenorrhea;excessivebleeding;excessiveflow白带vaginaldischarge阴道出血vaginalbleeding少量时yaginalspoting子宫出血metrorrhagia;uterinebleeding妊娠pregnancy;conception怀孕conceive;be·· ·pregnant不妊sterility;barrenness;infertility;inabilitytoconceive流产abortion;miscarriage;人工流产inducedabortion避孕contraception;birthcontrol避孕药contraceptive阵痛labor生产分娩childbirth;delivery;givebirthto;bedelivered坐月子childbed;confinement;pueriperium;puerperalperiod孕吐morningsickness;nauseaandvomitingofpregancy骨关节与肌肉系统脱臼joint;dislocation;bedislocatedbeoutofjoint;beputoutofjoint扭伤sprain挫伤sprain(twist;wrench)关节炎arthritis风湿症theumatism痛风gout(gaut)关节痛arthralgia;jointpain变形deformity骨折fracture石膏cast;plasterofParis义腿(肢)artificiallimb肌肉痛musclepain;myalgia;sore·· ·muscle扭筋strain;sprain肩坚硬stiffnessinashoulder;astiffshoulder;acrampinthecalf;legcramp抽筋haveacramp;becramped肌肉压痛tendernessofmuscle;musculartenderness精神与神经系统意识混浊cloudingofconsciousness丧失意识lossofconsciousness;unconsciousness恢复意识recoverconsciousness昏厥fainting;syncope昏睡soma昏迷stupor嗜睡somnolence;sleepiness;drowiness;lethargy错乱confusion;distracted;distraught胆妄的delirious幻觉hallucination痉挛convulsion;cramp;spasm癫痫epilepsy半身不遂beparalyzedononeside;becomehemiplegic肌无力muscularweakness步行困难difficultyinwalking说话不清speakthickly蹒跚stagger;reel;falter;walkzigzag;walkwithanunsteadygait;reel·· ·along肌肉萎缩atrophyofmuscle左手性left-handedness右手性right-handedness运动失调ataxia无感觉lossofsensation;numbness;anesthesia失去感觉becomenumb;losssensibility知觉过敏hypersthesia知觉迟钝hypesthesia知觉异常paresthesia神经质nervousness;sensitive;touchy神经衰弱nervousbreaksown意志消沉depressed;inlowspirits情绪佳ingoodmood;cheerful;euphoric情绪不稳定unstable;labilecapricious易受刺激excitable;easilyexcited;irritable不安的anxious;apprehensive;uneasy内向的人introvert外向的人extrovert健忘beforgetful;haveapoormemory漠不关心indifferent;nonchalant;unconcerned自卑感inferioritycomplex歇斯底里病hysteria·· ·眼耳鼻咽喉视力丧失loseone'ssight9eyesight);becomeblind失明lossofvision;blindness视力减退impairmentofvisualacuity;impairedvision;fogglness(dimness)ofvision;poor(defective)vision;blurring近视near-sightedness;myopiamyopy远视far-sightedness;hypermetrope;hyperope折射异常refractiveerror乱视astigmatism斜视strabismus;squint复视diplopia;doublevision夜盲night-blindness;nyctalopia盲点scotoma;blindspot眼睛疲劳eyestrain流泪过多overflowoftears异物感foreignbodysensation;afeelingofsomething;grittiness;sandiness怕光photophoia;abnormalintoleranceoflight;inabilitytostandlight结膜炎conjunctivitis砂眼trachoma听力减退impairedhearing;decreasedhearing;lossofhearing重听behardofhearing耳聋·· ·deaf耳鸣ringingofears;tinnitus耳痛earache;otalgia耳垢cerumen;erawax;中耳炎otitismedia;inflammationofthemiddleear流鼻水snivel;runatthenose;havearunningnose;鼻伤风sniffles;snuffles;headcold;coryza擤鼻涕blowthenose;鼻声anasalvoice鼻塞nasalobstruction;nasalstuffiness;nasalblockage;nasalcongestion鼻出血nosebleed;bleedingfromthenose;nasalhemorrhage;epistaxis鼻炎rhinitis扁桃tonsil扁桃炎tonsillitis齿痛toothache蛀齿decayedtooth;dentalcaries;toothcaries;toothcavity义齿anartificialtooth装假牙wearfalseteeth(adenture)无齿toothless;edentulous掉齿loseatooth;comeout拔齿pullout;extractatooth齿龈gums;·· ·gingiva皮肤发疹eruption;rash;exanthema;exanthem湿疹eczema荨麻疹urticaria;hives胎记birthmark(红斑)青斑bruise黑斑mole水泡welt;wheal;wale头皮屑dandruff;scurf痂scab;curst;slough丘疹pimple;acne香港脚athlete'sfoot;ringwormofthefeet痱子pricklyheat;heatrash龟裂chaps;cracks糜烂sore;erosion;festering疣warts冻疮chilblain;festering尿布疹diaperrash黄癣favus;scaldhead脓泡impetigo雀斑freckles晒斑sunburn骚养itching;·· ·pruritus骚养伤scratch生脓fester;formpus;suppurate渗出exude;ooze;weep股擦伤haveathighsore(chafinginthegroin)脱毛lossofhair;falling-outofhair多毛症hirsutism无毛hairless;bald;秃头baldness;bald-headedness秃头症alopecia十、诊断用具stethoscope听诊器sphygmomanometer(bloodpressurecuff)血压计thermometer体温计ophthalmoscope捡眼镜otoscope耳镜laryngealmirror喉镜flashlight手电统tonguedepressor(tongueblade)压舌板hammer(percussionhammer;reflexhammer)叩诊锤tuningfork音叉tapemeasure卷尺scale(ruler)·· ·尺loupe(magnifyingglass;handlens)放大镜rubbergloves橡胶手套fingercot指套vaginalspeculum阴道镜 ··