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1、ECONOMICLIBERALIZATIONINTRDOCTIONDuringthepast20years,Chinahasbeenundergoingthegreatestchangesinitshistory,earmarkedbyrapideconomicgroesthanthatin1990(Xie,1998).Theincrease,thoughloarkableconsideringthefactthatChinahasalargepopulationbaseofmorethan1.2billion.Therapideconomicgrootedthedevelopme
2、ntofitsmediasystemasberhasjumpedto2,000and1,416respectivelyin199736.1%in1980to84.2%in1996forradioand30%in1980to86.3%in1996fortelevision(Xie,1998).Thenumberofne186in1978to2,163in1996,anincreaseofalmost12times,berexpectedtobe930in1978upto8,135in1997.Advertising,onceconsideredthecapitalisttaboo,h
3、asalsoseenfastdevelopmentduringthisperiod.Sinceitsdebutin1979,thetotaladineoftheabovefourmediahasbeenincreasingatarateoftentimeseveryfiveyears,reaching18.28billionRMByuanin1996.(Xie,1998).ThischapteraimstodiscussthemediadevelopmentinChinasince1978topresent,icliberalizationandpoliticalconservat
4、ism.IntheFirstPeriod(1978-1990),despitethebackandforediadevelopmentinChinahasbeenconsistent.IntheSecondPeriod(1991-present)arketeconomyconceptgainedrecognition,thepetitiveconsciousnesshasbeedominantamongtheChina’smediasystem,ediadevelopmentinShanghai,thedragonheadofChina,hasbeentakenasashoedia
5、developmentandtheimpactofeconomicmomentumandpoliticalorientationintheediainChinastillremaininamunistConcept(Merrill,1983)asdefinedinthetraditionalFourTheoriesofPress.TheChinesemedia,ounistPartyofChinaandthegovernment,nottheentasisthecaseintheU.S.(Streitmatter,1994).Thefreedomofpressintheething
6、thatisyettoe(Lee,1990).Hosofitseconomy,themediadonotfitintothemunistConceptonlyanymore.TheymayfallmorecoherentlyintotheDevelopmentConcept,abinationoftheAuthoritarianandmunisttheories(Stevenson,19946789).ThistendencyhasbeemoreobviousintheSecondPeriod(1991-present)ediainChinaareendoent(thepoliti
7、calconservatism)arketplaceasicliberalization).ediadevelopmentinChinaintheFirstPeriodfrom1978to1990canfurtherbediscussedinthreephasesfeaturedbypoliticalcampaignsedtoreininmediadevelopment,thussignalingtheendofeachphase,butlaidthefoundati
