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ID:20388752
大小:818.00 KB
页数:14页
时间:2018-10-13
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1、Encephalocele(脑膨出)what’sthedifference?CompanyLogoBrainherniation(脑疝)Encephalocele(脑膨出)ORDefinitionEncephaloceleisaneuraltubedefectcharacterizedbysac-likeprotrusionsofthebrainandthemembranesthatcoveritthroughopeningsintheskull.Thesedefectsarecausedbyfailureoftheneuraltubetoclosecompletelyduringfetald
2、evelopment.BrainherniationBrainherniation(脑疝)isapotentiallydeadlysideeffectofveryhighintracranialpressurethatoccurswhenapartofthebrainissqueezedacrossstructureswithintheskull.Herniationcanbecausedbyanumberoffactorsthatcauseamasseffectandincreaseintracranialpressure(ICP):theseincludetraumaticbraininj
3、ury,intracranialhemorrhage,orbraintumor.CompanyLogoCompanyLogoContents1234ClassificationsCausesSymptomsDiagnosis5TreatmentClassificationsEncephalocelesaregenerallyclassifiedasnasofrontal,naso-ethmoidal,ornaso-orbital,however,therecanbesomeoverlapinthetypeofencephalocele.Ifthebulgingportioncontainson
4、lycerebrospinalfluidandtheoverlayingmembrane,itmaybecalledameningocele.Ifbraintissueispresent,itmaybereferredtoasanmeningoencephalocele.CompanyLogoClassificationsAccordingtothediseaselocation:Nasofrontal(鼻额骨型)encephalocelesNasoethmoidal(筛鼻骨型)encephalocelesNaso-orbital(鼻眶型)encephalocelesAccordingtoco
5、ntentsofthebulgingportion:Meningocele(脑脊髓膜膨出)cerebrospinalfluidandthecoveringmembrane.Meningoencephalocele(脑脑膜膨出)Briantissueandthecoveringmembrane.CompanyLogoCausesAlthoughtheexactcauseisunknown,itiscausedbyfailureoftheneuraltubetoclosecompletelyduringfetaldevelopment.3primarycauses:Teratogens(致畸剂)(
6、substancesknowntocausebirthdefects.)Trypanblue(台盼蓝)(astainusedtocolordeadtissuesorcellsblue.)Arsenic(砷剂)CompanyLogonitritecommonteratogenSymptomsItisoftenaccompaniedbycraniofacialabnormalitiesorotherbrainmalformations.Majorsymptomsmayinclude:Hydrocephalus(cerebrospinalfluidaccumulatedinthebrain),Spa
7、sticquadriplegia(paralysisofthelimbs),Microcephaly(anabnormallysmallhead),Ataxia(uncoordinatedmusclemovement),Developmentaldelay,visionproblems,Mentalandgrowthretardation.CompanyLogoDiagnosisUsually,e
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