毕业外文翻译.docx

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1、毕业外文翻译英文资料SuspensionSuspensionisthetermgiventothesystemofsprings,shockabsorbersandlinkagesthatconnectsavehicletoitswheels.Suspensionsystemsserveadualpurpose–contributingtothecar'sroadholding/handlingandbrakingforgoodactivesafetyanddrivingpleasure,andkeepingvehicleoccupantscomfortablean

2、dreasonablywellisolatedfromroadnoise,bumps,andvibrations,etc.Thesegoalsaregenerallyatodds,sothetuningofsuspensionsinvolvesfindingtherightcompromise.Itisimportantforthesuspensiontokeeptheroadwheelincontactwiththeroadsurfaceasmuchaspossible,becausealltheforcesactingonthevehicledosothroug

3、hthecontactpatchesofthetires.Thesuspensionalsoprotectsthevehicleitselfandanycargoorluggagefromdamageandwear.Thedesignoffrontandrearsuspensionofacarmaybedifferent.LeafspringshavebeenaroundsincetheearlyEgyptians.Ancientmilitaryengineersusedleafspringsintheformofbowstopowertheirsiegeengin

4、es,withlittlesuccessatfirst.Theuseofleafspringsincatapultswaslaterrefinedandmadetoworkyearslater.Springswerenotonlymadeofmetal,asturdytreebranchcouldbeusedasaspring,suchaswithabow.HorsedrawnvehiclesBytheearly19thcenturymostBritishhorsecarriageswereequippedwithsprings;woodenspringsinthe

5、caseoflightone-horsevehiclestoavoidtaxation,andsteelspringsinlargervehicles.Theseweremadeoflow-carbonsteelandusuallytooktheformofmultiplelayerleafsprings.[1]TheBritishsteelspringswerenotwellsuitedforuseonAmerica'sroughroadsofthetime,andcouldevencausecoachestocollapseifcorneredtoofast.I

6、nthe1820s,theAbbotDowningCompanyofConcord,NewHampshiredevelopedasystemwherebythebodiesofstagecoachesweresupportedonleatherstrapscalled"thoroughbraces",whichgaveaswingingmotioninsteadofthejoltingupanddownofaspringsuspension(thestagecoachitselfwassometimescalleda"thoroughbrace")Automobil

7、esAutomobileswereinitiallydevelopedasself-propelledversionsofhorsedrawnvehicles.However,horsedrawnvehicleshadbeendesignedforrelativelyslowspeedsandtheirsuspensionwasnotwellsuitedtothehigherspeedspermittedbytheinternalcombustionengine.In1903MorsofGermanyfirstfittedanautomobilewithshoc