颈部应用解剖学课件

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1、颈部neck颈部Neck境界Boundaries上界Superior－下颌底、下颌角、乳突、上项线、枕外隆突inferiorborderofmandible,angleofmandible,tipofmastoidprocess,superiornuchalline,externaloccipitalprotuberance下界Inferior－颈静脉切迹、胸锁关节、锁骨上缘、肩峰、第七颈椎棘突jugularnotch,sternoclavicularjoint,superiorborderofclavicle,acromion,spinouspro

2、cessesofC7体表标志Landmarks舌骨Hyoidbone甲状软骨Thyroidcartilage环状软骨Cricoidcartilage颈动脉结节Carotidtubercle胸锁乳突肌Sternocleidomastoid胸骨上窝Suprasternalfossa锁骨上大窝Greatersupraclaviclarfossa颈部分区Divisionofneck固有颈部Properneck颈前区Anteriorregion舌骨上区Suprahyoidregion：颏下三角Submentaltriangle下颌下三角Submandibula

3、rtriangle舌骨下区Infrahyoidregion：颈动脉三角Carotidtriangle肌三角Musculartriangle胸锁乳突肌区Sternocleidomastoidregion颈外侧区Lateralregion枕三角Occipitaltriangle锁骨上三角supraclaviculartriangleGreatersupraclavicularfossa项部posteriorportion（nape）皮肤Skin浅筋膜Superficialfascia深筋膜Deepfascia肌Muscles血管Bloodvessels,

4、淋巴管Lymphaticducts神经Nerves咽、喉、食管、气管、甲状腺、甲状旁腺Pharynx,larynxandesophaguaandtracheaThyroidgland,parathyroidgland皮肤Skin皮肤薄、移动性大、皮纹呈横向分布。Thenaturallineofcleavageoftheskinareconstantandrunalmosthorizontallyaroundtheneck浅筋膜SuperficialfasciaContents颈阔肌Platysma浅静脉Superficialveins颈前静脉Ante

5、riorjugularv.颈外静脉Externaljugularv.皮神经Cutaneousnerves枕小神经Lesseroccipitaln.耳大神经Greetauricularn.颈横神经Transversenerveofneck锁骨上神经Supraclavicularn.面神经颈支Cervicalbranchoffacialn.颈筋膜Cervicalfascia浅层Superficiallayer(investingfascia封套筋膜)气管前筋膜Pretrachiallayer椎前筋膜Prevertebrallayerprevertebra

6、lfasciainvestingfasciapretrachealfascia颈动脉鞘CarotidsheathFormedbycomponentsofallthreelayersofdeepcervicalfascia内容Contains颈总动脉commoncarotidarteries颈内动脉internalcarotidarteries颈内静脉internaljugularvein迷走神经vagusnerveAnsacervicalislocatedonitsanteriorsurface筋膜间隙Spacesamongfascia胸骨上间隙Su

7、prasternalspace气管前间隙Pretrachealspace咽后间隙Retropharyngealspace椎前间隙Prevertebralspace颈前区anteriorregionsoftheneck下颌下三角Submandibulartriangle境界：二腹肌前、后腹和下颌骨体下缘围成。浅面Roof:皮肤、浅筋膜、颈阔肌、封套筋膜。底Floor:下颌舌骨肌、舌骨舌肌和咽中缩肌mylohyoid,hyoglossusandmiddleconstrictorofpharynx内容Contents下颌下腺submandibulargla

8、nd面血管faciala.andv.舌血管linguala.andv.舌神经lingualn.舌下神经hyp