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1、直接引语与间接引语肖潇直接引语(theDirectSpeech):直接引用别人所讲的话。直接引语通常放在引号内。间接引语(theIndirectSpeech):用自己的话转述别人所讲的话。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。MrWangsaidtome,“IreturnedfromGermanylastnight.”→MrWangtoldmethathehadreturnedfromGermanythenightbefore.直接引语变间接引语要注意:1.人称的变化。2.时态的变化。3.时间状语与地点状语的变化。4.指示代词、方向动词、情态动词的变化。5.语
2、序的变化。6.其他结构方面的变化。人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向动词、情态动词变化表直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethosenowthen时间状语todaythatdaytonightthatnightthismorning/week/month/yearthatmorning/week/month/yearagobeforeyesterdaythedaybeforeyesterdayafternoontheafternoonbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforelastw
3、eek/month/yeartheweek/month/yearbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowingdaythedayaftertomorrowtwodaysafter/intwodays’timenextweek/month/yearthenextweek/month/year地点状语herethere动词comegobringtakemustmust/hadto人称代词第一人称与主句主语一致第二人称与主句宾语一致第三人称一般不变动词时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时(do/does,am/is,are)一
4、般过去时(did,was,were)现在进行时(am/is/aredoing)过去进行时(was/weredoing)现在完成时(have/hasbeen,过去完成时(hadbeen,haddone)have/hasdone)现在完成进行时(have/hasbeendoing)过去完成进行时(hadbeendoing)一般将来时(will)过去将来时(would)一般过去时(was/were,did)过去完成时(hadbeen,haddone)过去进行时(was/weredoing)过去进行时(was/weredoing)/过去完成进行时过去完成时
5、(hadbeen/haddone)过去完成时(hadbeen/haddone)一.直接引语为陈述句:间接引语用that引导。that一般可省略。主句谓语动词为现在时,间接引语用原来的时态。主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语用相应的过去时态。Thegirlsaystoherfather,“Mybrotherdoesn’twanttosharethetoywithme.”→Thegirltellsherfatherthatherbrotherdoesn’twanttosharethetoywithher.Theteachersaystous,“Youall
6、failedtheexamslastweek.”→Theteachertellsusthatweallfailedtheexamlastweek.Mothersaystome,“Iwillbuyyouagiftforyourbirthday.”→Mothertellsmethatshewillbuymeagiftformybirthday.MrSmithsaid,“Ourplanearrivedhalfanhourago.”→MrSmithsaidthattheirplanehadarrivedhalfanhourbefore.Theheadmas
7、tersaid,“Thenewschoolyearwillbegintomorrow.”→Theheadmastersaidthatthenewschoolyearwouldbeginthenextday.Shecalledtome,“Iamwaitingforyouattherestaurant.”→Shecalledtomethatshewaswaitingformeattherestaurant.注意1:直接引语是客观事实、科学真理、格言等,变间接引语时,时态不变。Theteachersaid,“Lighttravelsmuchfastert
8、hansound,boysandgirls.”→Theteachertoldtheboysandgirlsthatligh