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1、请勿在试卷上填写答案环球北美考试院新托福阅读、写作部分测试题www.ntoefl.com.cn阅读13请勿在试卷上填写答案环球北美考试院新托福阅读、写作部分测试题www.ntoefl.com.cn1.Whatisthemainreasonthatpeopledevelopedmethodsofrefrigeration?Theywantedtoimprovetheflavorandnutritionalvalueoffood.Theyneededtoslowthenaturalprocessesthatcausefoodtospoil.
2、Theyneededausefortheicethatformedonlakesandrivers.Theywantedtoexpandtheproductionofcertainindustries.2.Thewordperishableinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningtocapableofspoilinguncookedofanimaloriginhighlynutritious3.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1aboutcoldstoragebeforetheinvent
3、ionofartificialrefrigeration?Itkeptfoodcoldforonlyaboutaweek.Itwasdependentonasourceoficeorsnow.Itrequiredacontainermadeofmetalorwood.Itwasnotasafemethodofpreservingmeat.4.ArtificialrefrigerationinvolvesallofthefollowingprocessesEXCEPTthepumpingofwatervaporthroughapipeth
4、erapidexpansionofcertaingasestheevaporationofavolatileliquidthetransferofheatfromoneplacetoanother5.Whichsentencebelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinparagraph2?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.It
5、takesalotofenergytotransformaliquidintoavapor,especiallywhenthevaporlosesheat.SomegasesexpandrapidlyandgiveoffenergywhentheyencounteraverycoldTHEDEVELOPMENTOFREFRIGERATIONColdstorage,orrefrigeration,iskeepingfoodattemperaturesbetween32and45degreesFinordertodelaythegrowth
6、ofmicroorganisms—bacteria,molds,andveast—thatcausefoodtospoil.Refrigerationproducesfewchangesinfood,someats,fish,eggs,milk,fruits,andvegetableskeeptheiroriginalflavor,color,andnutrition.Beforeartificialrefrigerationwasinvented,peoplestoredperishablefoodwithiceorsnowtolen
7、gthenitsstoragetime.Preservingfoodbykeepingitinanice—filledpitisa4,000-year-oldart.Coldstorageareaswerebuiltinbasements,cellars,orcaves,linedwithwoodorstraw,andpackedwithice.Theicewastransportedfrommountains,orharvestedfromlocallakesorrivers,anddeliveredinlargeblockstoho
8、mesandbusinesses.Artificialrefrigerationistheprocessofremovingheatfromasubstance,container,orenclosedar
