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1、请勿在试卷上填写答案环球北美考试院新托福阅读、写作部分测试题www.ntoefl.com.cn阅读12请勿在试卷上填写答案环球北美考试院新托福阅读、写作部分测试题www.ntoefl.com.cn1.Whatisthemainreasonthatpeopledevelopedmethodsofrefrigeration?Theywantedtoimprovetheflavorandnutritionalvalueoffood.Theyneededtoslowthenaturalprocessesthat
2、causefoodtospoil.Theyneededausefortheicethatformedonlakesandrivers.Theywantedtoexpandtheproductionofcertainindustries.2.Thewordperishableinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningtocapableofspoilinguncookedofanimaloriginhighlynutritious3.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagra
3、ph1aboutcoldstoragebeforetheinventionofartificialrefrigeration?Itkeptfoodcoldforonlyaboutaweek.Itwasdependentonasourceoficeorsnow.Itrequiredacontainermadeofmetalorwood.Itwasnotasafemethodofpreservingmeat.4.Artificialrefrigerationinvolvesallofthefollowing
4、processesEXCEPTthepumpingofwatervaporthroughapipetherapidexpansionofcertaingasestheevaporationofavolatileliquidthetransferofheatfromoneplacetoanother5.Whichsentencebelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinparagraph2?Incorrectcho
5、iceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.Ittakesalotofenergytotransformaliquidintoavapor,especiallywhenthevaporlosesheat.SomegasesexpandrapidlyandgiveoffenergywhentheyencounteraverycoldTHEDEVELOPMENTOFREFRIGERATIONColdstorage,orr
6、efrigeration,iskeepingfoodattemperaturesbetween32and45degreesFinordertodelaythegrowthofmicroorganisms—bacteria,molds,andveast—thatcausefoodtospoil.Refrigerationproducesfewchangesinfood,someats,fish,eggs,milk,fruits,andvegetableskeeptheiroriginalflavor,co
7、lor,andnutrition.Beforeartificialrefrigerationwasinvented,peoplestoredperishablefoodwithiceorsnowtolengthenitsstoragetime.Preservingfoodbykeepingitinanice—filledpitisa4,000-year-oldart.Coldstorageareaswerebuiltinbasements,cellars,orcaves,linedwithwoodors
8、traw,andpackedwithice.Theicewastransportedfrommountains,orharvestedfromlocallakesorrivers,anddeliveredinlargeblockstohomesandbusinesses.Artificialrefrigerationistheprocessofremovingheatfromasubstance,container,orenclosedar
