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1、阅读1.Whatisthemainreasonthatpeopledevelopedmethodsofrefrigeration?Theywantedtoimprovetheflavorandnutritionalvalueoffood.Theyneededtoslowthenaturalprocessesthatcausefoodtospoil.Theyneededausefortheicethatformedonlakesandrivers.Theywantedtoexpandtheproduc
2、tionofcertainindustries.2.Thewordperishableinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningtocapableofspoilinguncookedofanimaloriginhighlynutritious3.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1aboutcoldstoragebeforetheinventionofartificialrefrigeration?Itkeptfoodcoldforonlyaboutawe
3、ek.Itwasdependentonasourceoficeorsnow.Itrequiredacontainermadeofmetalorwood.Itwasnotasafemethodofpreservingmeat.4.ArtificialrefrigerationinvolvesallofthefollowingprocessesEXCEPTthepumpingofwatervaporthroughapipetherapidexpansionofcertaingasestheevapora
4、tionofavolatileliquidthetransferofheatfromoneplacetoanother5.Whichsentencebelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinparagraph2?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.Ittakesalotofenergytot
5、ransformaliquidintoavapor,especiallywhenthevaporlosesheat.SomegasesexpandrapidlyandgiveoffenergywhentheyencounteraverycoldTHEDEVELOPMENTOFREFRIGERATIONColdstorage,orrefrigeration,iskeepingfoodattemperaturesbetween32and45degreesFinordertodelaythegrowtho
6、fmicroorganisms—bacteria,molds,andveast—thatcausefoodtospoil.Refrigerationproducesfewchangesinfood,someats,fish,eggs,milk,fruits,andvegetableskeeptheiroriginalflavor,color,andnutrition.Beforeartificialrefrigerationwasinvented,peoplestoredperishablefood
7、withiceorsnowtolengthenitsstoragetime.Preservingfoodbykeepingitinanice—filledpitisa4,000-year-oldart.Coldstorageareaswerebuiltinbasements,cellars,orcaves,linedwithwoodorstraw,andpackedwithice.Theicewastransportedfrommountains,orharvestedfromlocallakeso
8、rrivers,anddeliveredinlargeblockstohomesandbusinesses.Artificialrefrigerationistheprocessofremovingheatfromasubstance,container,orenclosedarea,toloweritstemperature.Theheatismovedfromtheinsideofthecontainertotheoutside.Arefrigeratoruses
