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1、.阅读....1.Whatisthemainreasonthatpeopledevelopedmethodsofrefrigeration?Theywantedtoimprovetheflavorandnutritionalvalueoffood.Theyneededtoslowthenaturalprocessesthatcausefoodtospoil.Theyneededausefortheicethatformedonlakesandrivers.Theywantedtoexpandtheproductionof
2、certainindustries.2.Thewordperishableinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningtocapableofspoilinguncookedofanimaloriginhighlynutritious3.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1aboutcoldstoragebeforetheinventionofartificialrefrigeration?Itkeptfoodcoldforonlyaboutaweek.Itwasdependent
3、onasourceoficeorsnow.Itrequiredacontainermadeofmetalorwood.Itwasnotasafemethodofpreservingmeat.4.ArtificialrefrigerationinvolvesallofthefollowingprocessesEXCEPTthepumpingofwatervaporthroughapipetherapidexpansionofcertaingasestheevaporationofavolatileliquidthetran
4、sferofheatfromoneplacetoanother5.Whichsentencebelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinparagraph2?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.Ittakesalotofenergytotransformaliquidintoavapor,especiallywhe
5、nthevaporlosesheat.SomegasesexpandrapidlyandgiveoffenergywhentheyencounteraverycoldTHEDEVELOPMENTOFREFRIGERATIONColdstorage,orrefrigeration,iskeepingfoodattemperaturesbetween32and45degreesFinordertodelaythegrowthofmicroorganisms—bacteria,molds,andveast—thatcausef
6、oodtospoil.Refrigerationproducesfewchangesinfood,someats,fish,eggs,milk,fruits,andvegetableskeeptheiroriginalflavor,color,andnutrition.Beforeartificialrefrigerationwasinvented,peoplestoredperishablefoodwithiceorsnowtolengthenitsstoragetime.Preservingfoodbykeeping
7、itinanice—filledpitisa4,000-year-oldart.Coldstorageareaswerebuiltinbasements,cellars,orcaves,linedwithwoodorstraw,andpackedwithice.Theicewastransportedfrommountains,orharvestedfromlocallakesorrivers,anddeliveredinlargeblockstohomesandbusinesses.Artificialrefriger
8、ationistheprocessofremovingheatfromasubstance,container,orenclosedarea,toloweritstemperature.Theheatismovedfromtheinsideofthecontainertotheoutside.Arefrigerato
