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1、IntroductionTessoftheD’Urbervilles,publishedin1891,wasThomasHardy’slastandmostsignificantwork.Inthisnovel,Hardyreachedtheheightofhisachievementasanovelist.ThenovelcanberegardedasoneofthegreatesttragedyinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.Thisbookbecameoneofthegreatestworksin
2、thelateofVictorianera,becauseitboldlyexposedhypocriticalmoralintheCapitalistsocietyandcondemnedtheCapitalisminthelate19thcenturythatcausedimpoverishmentanddecayofsmallfarmersinruralEngland.Tesswasapoorpeasantgirlwhowantedtorelyonherhandstopursueindividualhappinessright,
3、butthepowerfulsocialforcescan’tletoffaweakgirl,intheendcausedhertragedy.Inthisnovel,wecanseethatTessresistedherunjustfateagainandagain,sufferedsetbacksagainandagain,butshewasdestroyedatlast.Thepurposeofthethesis:ThecauseofTess’tragedyhasalwaysbeentheconcernofpeople,such
4、abeautiful,nobleandpurewomanasTessshouldsufferinevitableruin.Toresearchthisnovel,weknowtheviewofmoralityinthehypocriticalbourgeoisieintheBritain'sVictorianera;Tess’stragedyisduetothemoralrootofsocietyandtheunequallegalsystem.Inthispaper,Itrytomakeadetailedanalysisonthen
5、ovel,toshowthevariouscausesofheroine’stragedy.21Chapter1ThomasHardyandhismasterpieceA.ThomasHardyThomasHardywasbornonJune2,1840,inthevillageofHigherBockhampton,nearDorchester,amarkettowninthecountyofDorset.Hardywouldspendmuchofhislifeinhisnativeregion,transformingitsrur
6、allandscapesintohisfictionalWesses.Hardy'smother,Jemima,inspiredhimwithatasteforliterature;whilehisstonemasonfather,Thomas,sharedwithhimaloveofarchitectureandmusic(thetwowouldlaterplaythefiddleatlocaldances).AsaboyHardyreadwidelyinthepopularfictionoftheday,includingthen
7、ovelsofScott,Dumas,Dickens,W.HarrisonAinsworth,andG.P.R.James,andinthepoetryofScott,Wordsworth,Byron,Shelley,Keats,andothers.StronglyinfluencedinhisyouthbytheBibleandtheliturgyoftheAnglicanChurch,Hardylatercontemplatedacareerintheministry;buthisassimilationofthenewtheor
8、iesofDarwinianevolutionismeventuallymadehimanagnosticandaseverecriticofthelimitationsoftraditionalreligion.Att
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