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1、IntroductionTessoftheD’Urbervilles,publishedin1891,wasThomasHardy’slastandmostsignificantwork.Inthisnovel,Hardyreachedtheheightofhisachievementasanovelist.ThenovelcanberegardedasoneofthegreatesttragedyinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.Thisbookbecameoneofthegreates
2、tworksinthelateofVictorianera,becauseitboldlyexposedhypocriticalmoralintheCapitalistsocietyandcondemnedtheCapitalisminthelate19thcenturythatcausedimpoverishmentanddecayofsmallfarmersinruralEngland.Tesswasapoorpeasantgirlwhowantedtorelyonherhandstopursueindividua
3、lhappinessright,butthepowerfulsocialforcescan’tletoffaweakgirl,intheendcausedhertragedy.Inthisnovel,wecanseethatTessresistedherunjustfateagainandagain,sufferedsetbacksagainandagain,butshewasdestroyedatlast.Thepurposeofthethesis:ThecauseofTess’tragedyhasalwaysbee
4、ntheconcernofpeople,suchabeautiful,nobleandpurewomanasTessshouldsufferinevitableruin.Toresearchthisnovel,weknowtheviewofmoralityinthehypocriticalbourgeoisieintheBritain'sVictorianera;Tess’stragedyisduetothemoralrootofsocietyandtheunequallegalsystem.Inthispaper,I
5、trytomakeadetailedanalysisonthenovel,toshowthevariouscausesofheroine’stragedy.21Chapter1ThomasHardyandhismasterpieceA.ThomasHardyThomasHardywasbornonJune2,1840,inthevillageofHigherBockhampton,nearDorchester,amarkettowninthecountyofDorset.Hardywouldspendmuchofhis
6、lifeinhisnativeregion,transformingitsrurallandscapesintohisfictionalWesses.Hardy'smother,Jemima,inspiredhimwithatasteforliterature;whilehisstonemasonfather,Thomas,sharedwithhimaloveofarchitectureandmusic(thetwowouldlaterplaythefiddleatlocaldances).AsaboyHardyrea
7、dwidelyinthepopularfictionoftheday,includingthenovelsofScott,Dumas,Dickens,W.HarrisonAinsworth,andG.P.R.James,andinthepoetryofScott,Wordsworth,Byron,Shelley,Keats,andothers.StronglyinfluencedinhisyouthbytheBibleandtheliturgyoftheAnglicanChurch,Hardylatercontempl
8、atedacareerintheministry;buthisassimilationofthenewtheoriesofDarwinianevolutionismeventuallymadehimanagnosticandaseverecriticofthelimitationsoftraditionalreligion.Att
