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1、IntroductionTessoftheD’Urbervilles,publishedin1891,wasThomasHardy’slastandmostsignificantwork.Inthisnovel,Hardyreachedtheheightofhisachievementasanovelist.ThenovelcanberegardedasoneofthegreatesttragedyinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.ThisbookbecameoneofthegreatestworksinthelateofVictorianer
2、a,becauseitboldlyexposedhypocriticalmoralintheCapitalistsocietyandcondemnedtheCapitalisminthelate19thcenturythatcausedimpoverishmentanddecayofsmallfarmersinruralEngland.Tesswasapoorpeasantgirlwhowantedtorelyonherhandstopursueindividualhappinessright,butthepowerfulsocialforcescan’tletoffawe
3、akgirl,intheendcausedhertragedy.Inthisnovel,wecanseethatTessresistedherunjustfateagainandagain,sufferedsetbacksagainandagain,butshewasdestroyedatlast.Thepurposeofthethesis:ThecauseofTess’tragedyhasalwaysbeentheconcernofpeople,suchabeautiful,nobleandpurewomanasTessshouldsufferinevitableruin
4、.Toresearchthisnovel,weknowtheviewofmoralityinthehypocriticalbourgeoisieintheBritain'sVictorianera;Tess’stragedyisduetothemoralrootofsocietyandtheunequallegalsystem.Inthispaper,Itrytomakeadetailedanalysisonthenovel,toshowthevariouscausesofheroine’stragedy.21Chapter1ThomasHardyandhismasterp
5、ieceA.ThomasHardyThomasHardywasbornonJune2,1840,inthevillageofHigherBockhampton,nearDorchester,amarkettowninthecountyofDorset.Hardywouldspendmuchofhislifeinhisnativeregion,transformingitsrurallandscapesintohisfictionalWesses.Hardy'smother,Jemima,inspiredhimwithatasteforliterature;whilehiss
6、tonemasonfather,Thomas,sharedwithhimaloveofarchitectureandmusic(thetwowouldlaterplaythefiddleatlocaldances).AsaboyHardyreadwidelyinthepopularfictionoftheday,includingthenovelsofScott,Dumas,Dickens,W.HarrisonAinsworth,andG.P.R.James,andinthepoetryofScott,Wordsworth,Byron,Shelley,Keats,andot
7、hers.StronglyinfluencedinhisyouthbytheBibleandtheliturgyoftheAnglicanChurch,Hardylatercontemplatedacareerintheministry;buthisassimilationofthenewtheoriesofDarwinianevolutionismeventuallymadehimanagnosticandaseverecriticofthelimitationsoftraditionalreligion.Att
