数学专用术语中英文对照

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1、数学专用术语中英文对照数学mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem?计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加数augend,summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtr

2、ahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand,faciend乘数multiplicator积product?除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient?等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan?小于

3、等于isequalorlesserthan运算符operator?数字digit数number自然数naturalnumber整数integer小数decimal小数点decimalpoint?分数fraction分子numerator?分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative?零null,zero,nought,nil十进制decimalsystem?二进制binarysystem十六进制hexadecimalsystem?权weight,significance进位carry截尾trunca

4、tion四舍五入round?下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup?有效数字significantdigit无效数字insignificantdigit?代数algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial,multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor?等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequati

5、on四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthpower??开方evolution,extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,thenthro

6、ot集合aggregate元素element空集void?子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function?定义域domain,fieldofdefinition值域range?常量constant变量variable?单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity?周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus?微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.)infi

7、nity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definiteintegral不定积分indefiniteintegral有理数rationalnumber无理数irrationalnumber实数realnumber虚数imaginarynumber复数complexnumber矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度rad

8、ian锐角acuteangle?直角rightangle钝角obtuseangle?平角straightangle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle?