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1、非谓语动词疑难问题详解一、非谓语动词各种形式所表表示的时间概念:(1)如用“(to)do”,表该动作是重复性的或将要做的,如:Ioftenseehimdraw.我经常看见他画画。Heissaidtocometomorrow.据说他明天来。(2)如用“tobedoing”,表该动作正在进行,如:Iamexcitedtobeperformingonthestage.在舞台上表演我很激动。Hepretendedtobereadingwhentheteachercamein.(3)如用“tobedone”,强调该动作是被执行。Hewassaidtobesenttoa
2、broad.(4)如用“tohavedone”或“tohavebeendone”,表该动作已完成,如:I'msorrytohavekeptyousolong.对不起让你久等了。(5)如用beingdone,则可表时三种意思。A.作主语,表被动BeingadmittedtoBeijingUniversityismydream.B.作宾语(在少数动词或介词后),表被动。Doyoumindbeingleftaloneathome?I’mworriedaboutbeingleftaloneathome.C.作定语,表被动(正在被)Thebuildingbeingbu
3、iltisalab.(6)havingdone表示的时间在谓语动词所表示的时间之前,且表主动,常用作句子的状语。Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplay.(7)havingbeendone谓语动词所表示的时间之前,且表被动,用作句子的状语Havingbeenseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundanywhereelseintheworld.二、几种非谓语动词用法比较:一、句法功能比较
4、以动词make为例,把这四种非谓语动词在句中所作的成分总结如下:make主动语态被动语态句法功能一般式进行式完成式一般式完成式主宾表定状补不定式towritetobemakingtohavemadetobemadetohavebeenmade√√√√√√–ing形式making havingmadebeingmadehavingbeenmade√√√√√√过去分词 made √√√√非谓语动词的时态非谓语动词虽不是谓语,但仍然是动词的一种形式,在句子仍有着自己的时态。-----ing形式(以do为例): 主……………….动被……………….动一般式doi
5、ng beingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone 动词不定式(以do为例): 主动动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing……………..完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone 分词的用法I.作状语:表示时间、原因、方式和伴随状态。在表示时间、原因时相当于一个状语从句,在表示方式和伴随及结果时没有相当的状语从句代替。1.Bittenbythedog,thegirlcriedloudly.2.Helpedbyhisfriends,hecouldfinishthework
6、veryeasily.3.Pushedbytheair,theballoonfliedintothesky.4.Althoughshotseveraltimes,hestillfoughtbravelywithhisenemy.5.Oncebittenbyasnake,hewasveryafraidofallthecrawlingthings6.AlthoughQuestionedandtorturedbytheenemy,henevergavein.7.Workinginthecottonfield,theytalkedandlaughedhappily.
7、8.Lookingoutofthewindow,hesawalotofdinosaursrunningthroughthemainstreet.9.Once,whileworkingnanewinvention,Edisonmade8,000testswithoutsuccess.10.Beingastudent,wehavealotofresponsibilities.(duties)11.Openingthedoorofyourheart,you’llfindawonderfulworld.12.Havinglivedinthelonelyhousefo
8、rtenyears,hehardlyknewwhat