必修四模块四练习

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Module4GreatScientists基础落实Ⅰ.高频单词思忆1.Thiscompanyismoreconcernedwithqualitythanwith________(数量).2.Hewastheoutstandingpolitical_______(人物)ofhistime.3.The_________(受害者)oftheexplosionwereburiedlastweek.4.____________(农业)playsaveryimportantpartintheworld.5.Thesoldier_______(逃脱)fromtheenemy’sprisononasnowynight.6.Thecarshouldbereturnedtoits________(原来的,最初的)owner.7.Scientistshavemadeamajor_____________(突破)inthetreatmentofcancer.8.We’ve__________(改变;转换)fromcoaltogascentralheating.9.Itisreportedthattheterrorists________(爆炸)abombinastore,causingfivedeathsandtwentyinjuries.10.________(个人的)cleanlinessisimportanttohealthaswellastoappearance.Ⅱ.重点短语再现1.bring__培养;培育→bring______导致;引起;造成→bring_____使恢复;使记起2.asa______of因为;由于→__________to因为→result______导致;引起3.___brief简洁地→in______详细地4.__________aliving→谋生→_________a(n)...life过着……生活→liveup__符合;不辜负→live_____忍受,容忍5.cometo______掌权;上台→____office上任,就职→_____power夺权6.inevery___________朝四面八方→______ofdirection方向感→in___directionof朝……方向7.send...into______把……发射到太空→__space在太空8.throw_____投身于→throw_____抛弃;扔掉→throwsth.___呕出(食物);使显眼9.convert___...转变为……10.__________！干得好！Ⅲ.典型句式运用1.Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorerice...他认为,解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米……考点提炼thekeytodoingsth.做某事的关键句子仿造读书是打开知识宝库的关键。2.FirstYuanLongpingexperimentedwithdifferenttypesofrice.首先,袁隆平对不同品种的水稻进行试验。考点提炼experimentwith...对……进行试验句子仿造小型企业都急于试用计算机。3.ResearcherswerebroughtinfromalloverChinatodevelopthenewsystem.全国的研究者都被召集来开发这个新的体系。考点提炼动词短语bringin表示“召来;召集”句子仿造更多的著名科学家被召来以找到解决这个问题的方法。 4.Movinginawheelchairandspeakingthroughaspecialcomputer,hehasbecomethevoiceofscience.在轮椅上移动,通过特殊的计算机说话,他已经成了科学的代言人。考点提炼v.-ing短语作方式状语句子仿造我们已经乘车游览了许多地方。5.Butnoteverybodywantedtouserocketsinbattles.但是并非所有的人都想在战争中使用火箭。考点提炼部分否定句子仿造并非每一个人都赞成这一计划。导练互动重点单词1.quantityn.数量观察思考Theprintingfirmbuyspapersinquantities.那家印刷公司成批买纸。Greatquantitiesoffisharecaughtatthistimeeveryyear.=Agreatquantityoffishiscaughtatthistimeeveryyear.每年这个时候都捕获大量的鱼。Itwasabadyearforfilms,intermsofbothquantityandquality.今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。归纳拓展aquantityof许多;大量quantitiesof许多;大量inlargequantities大量地inquantity大量地inlargeamount大量地注意aquantityof和quantitiesof既可修饰可数名词复数,也可修饰不可数名词;其作主语时,aquantityof+名词,谓语动词应视名词的具体情况而定,即:跟可数复数应用复数动词,跟不可数时应用单数动词;后者用复数,即和quantity一致。活学活用Asaresultoftheearthquake,alarge____ofearth____blockedseveralriversthere.A.number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have2.briefadj.简短的;简洁的;短暂的HisbookABriefHistoryofTimewaspublishedin1988andisstillabestseller.他的书《时间发展简史》于1988年出版,而且现在还是畅销书。(回归课本P37)观察思考CouldIhaveabriefwordwithyou,sir?先生,我能和你说几句话吗？Inbrief,weshouldinvestheavilyindigitalsystem.简而言之,我们应该对数字化系统大量投资。归纳拓展inbrief简单地说tobebrief简单地说,一句话(用作插入语)bebriefwithsb.简单地和某人说几句话易混辨异inbrief/inshort (1)inbrief“简单地说”,着重于重点突出,不拖泥带水。(2)inshort“总之”,多用来指在较长的叙述后,长话短说,带有“综上所述”的意思。活学活用Hestoodupandmadea____speech,shortbuttothepoint.A.simpleB.briefC.easyD.dull3.escapen.&v.逃跑;逃脱;逃避TheChinesediscoveredthatthegasescapingfromthetubecouldliftitintotheair.中国人发现从竹筒里漏出的气体可以使其飞向空中。(回归课本P39)观察思考Thepartywasboring—wecouldn’twaittomakeourescape.聚会很无聊,我们迫不及待地要溜走。FourprisonerswhoescapedfromthejailinMongoliahavebeencaught.从内蒙古监狱逃出的四名罪犯已经被抓住。Thedogescapedthrough/fromthebackwindowofthebus.狗从公共汽车的后窗逃走了。归纳拓展makeone’sescape逃跑haveanarrowescape九死一生afireescape紧急出口;安全门haveone’sescapecutoff被切断逃路escape(doing)sth.逃脱(做)某事escapefrom(outof)+sp.从……逃脱/逃走escapefromreality逃避现实注意escape后常接动名词作宾语。易混辨异escape/escapefrom/flee三者都含有“逃,逃跑”的意思,但侧重点有所不同。(1)escape强调“逃避,逃脱(不愉快的事)”,含有成功逃脱的意味,这个意义不用被动式。(2)escapefrom指“从(监禁,管制中)逃脱,逃走”或是指“(气体,液体等)漏出,泄漏”,也含有成功逃脱的意味。(3)flee“逃离”,不表示逃跑的结果成功与否。活学活用—Howdidyourfatherdealwithyou?—Wewereluckyto____beingpunished.A.admitB.escapeC.considerD.stop4.clearv.(烟雾等)消散;清除;adj.易懂的;明白的WhenthesmokeclearedWanHuandhischairhaddisappeared.当烟散去时,万虎和椅子都不见了。(回归课本P39)观察思考Aftersupper,myyoungerbrotheroftenhelpsmotherclearawaythedishes.晚饭后,弟弟经常帮母亲收拾碟子。Theyclearedupthemisunderstandingandmadeup.他们消除了误会,和好了。ImadeitcleartohimthatIrejectedhisproposal.我清楚地告诉他我拒绝了他的建议。WespentallSaturdaymorningcleaningup.我们整个星期六上午都在打扫卫生。归纳拓展 clearaway把……清除掉;收拾clearup整理,收拾;天气放晴;消除(疑虑,误会等)clearoff迅速逃离clearout除掉;整理clearone’sthroat清嗓子make...clear讲清楚;弄明白易混辨异clear/clean二者都含有“使干净”的意思,为同义词。(1)clearadj.clearwater清澈的水;v.clearthetable收拾桌子(除去不必要的东西)。(2)cleanadj.cleanwater干净的水;v.cleanthetable擦干净桌子。活学活用Themysterywas____whenheadmittedhehadbeenthereallthetime.A.clearedoutB.clearedawayC.clearedupD.clearedoff重点短语与句型5.bringin请来;引进;赚钱;收割庄稼ResearcherswerebroughtinfromalloverChinatodevelopthenewsystem.全国的研究者都被召集来开发这个新的体系。(回归课本P32)观察思考They’vebroughtinexpertstoadviseontheproject.他们已请来专家对该项目提供意见。Theyhavebroughtinsomeadvancedequipment.他们引进了一些先进设备。Hewasoutalldayintherainyesterdayandthisbroughton/aboutabadcold.他昨天一整天都在外面淋雨,因此患了重感冒。归纳拓展bringon导致,促成;使……发展/进步bringout阐释;出版(书籍等);发挥bringup教育;养育;提出;呕吐bringabout引起;导致bringback归还;使记起;使恢复bringdown使落下活学活用(1)Hisideaofhavingweeklyfamilymealstogether,whichseemeddifficultatfirst,has____manygoodchangesintheirlives.A.gotthroughB.resultedfromC.turnedintoD.broughtabout2)Thepoliceman____athiefcaught____inthesupermarket.A.broughtup;stealingB.broughtin;stealingC.broughtout;stolenD.broughton;stolen 6.cometo/intopower(开始)掌权;上台AlbertEinsteinleftGermanywhenHitlercametopowerandwenttoworkintheUS.当希特勒上台后,爱因斯坦离开德国到美国工作。(回归课本P37)观察思考ThemassesputtheLaborPartyintopower.群众让工党上台执政。Thecommunistsseized/tookpowerin1962.在1962年共产党取得政权。归纳拓展inone’spower为某人力所能及inpower当权的,掌权的beyondone’spower力所不能及withinone’spower力所能及doallinone’spower尽力,竭尽全力fallfrompower下野,下台take/seizepower夺取政权put...intopower使执政;使上台活学活用Whichpoliticalparty_____inFrancecurrently?A.cametopowerB.comesintopowerC.isinpowerD.wasputintopower7.ItsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他水稻的产量都要高很多。句式分析本句是一个用much修饰比较级的句型。much修饰比较级,意为“……得多”。修饰比较级的常见词。还有:alittle,abit,alot,rather,byfar,far,even,still,any,no等。Sheisfeelingalotbettertoday.今天她感觉好多了。Thepatientlookedstillworsetodaythanyesterday.病人看上去比昨天状态更差。ShespeaksEnglishfarbetterthanherclassmates.她比她的同学们英语说得好。活学活用(1)—Whatdidyouthinkofyourvisittothemuseum?—Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas____thanIexpected.A.somemoreinterestingB.alotinterestingC.farmoreinterestingD.evenmuchinteresting(2)Afterseveralyears’research,scientistsnowhavea___betterunderstandingoftheHIV.A.veryB.farC.fairlyD.quite8.Orwashecarriedmilesintospace,becomingtheworld’sfirstastronaut?或者他被带到数英里的太空,成为世界上第一个宇航员？句式分析句中的becomingtheworld’sfirstastronaut是现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语常表示一种自然结果或意料之中的结果。Hebeatalltheotherplayers,winningthefirstaward.他击败了所有其他的选手,获得了一等奖。Thefirelastednearlyaweek,leavingnothingvaluable.大火持续了近一周,没剩下什么值钱的东西。归纳拓展 不定式也可以充当结果状语,往往指意料之外的或偶然的结果,特别是和only连用时。Heliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.他搬起了石头,结果砸了自己的脚。活学活用Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,____recordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching9.2/3oftheworld’spopulationregularlyeatrice.世界人口中有三分之二的人经常吃大米。观察思考Threequartersoftheworkersareyoung.工人中的四分之三都是青年人。Twothirdsoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.地球表面的三分之二被水覆盖。归纳拓展(1)分数或百分数修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由名词决定。若是不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;若主语是可数名词复数,则谓语动词要用复数。(2)表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于一时,分母的序数词加s。one/ahalf二分之一onefourth/aquarter四分之一onefifth五分之一fourfifths五分之四threefourths/threequarters四分之三活学活用Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,____visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto自主检测Ⅰ.品句填词1.Alarge_________(数量)ofairconditionershasbeensoldsincethetemperatureishigh.2.Surgeonshavemadeagreat_____________(突破)inthekidneytransplantation.3.WesuggestthatSmithbetoldabouthis_________(身体的)conditionassoonaspossible.4.Withthedevelopmentofmodern___________(农业)andindustry,moreandmorewasteisproduced.5.Heneedsahighincometo________(养活)suchalargefamily.6.Noneofthepassengersonboard________(逃脱)beforetheplaneexploded.7.Asthe________(主要的)roleinthisplay,headvertiseditonTV.8.Thepublicshouldbe________(教育)inhowtouseenergymoreeffectively.9.Thesystemwillhavetobetestedbeforeitgoesinto___________(产量).10.Shewasoneofthe_______(受害者)oftheroadaccident.Ⅱ.短语运用bringup,asaresultof,earnone’sliving,cometopower,comeintobeing,insearchof,escapefrom,beknownfor,incase,aquantityof1.Shewasbyherauntinafishingvillage. 2.Scientistsareworkinghardacureforthedisease.3.Smallchildrenarealwaysthinkingabout______________mothers’control.4.Tom____asajournalist.5.It’sbeyondmypowertoknowhowcomputer________________.6.Shetookanumbrellawithher_______sheshouldbecaughtintherain.7.Theorganizationfinally______________afteralongperiodoffight.8.Thetwopersonswho______________economyresearchwontheNobelPrizeforeconomyin2009.9._____________fireworkswerehunteddownatXiamenCustomslastweek.10._______________thepilot’sstrike,allflightshavehadtobecancelled.Ⅲ.翻译句子1.如果经常练,你就会成为一个更好的钢琴家。(if从句)2.画家靠画画谋生,而教师以教学为生。(earnone’sliving)3.大雨过后,天空立刻放晴了。(clearup)Ⅳ.单项填空1.____fromColumbiaUniversity,ObamawenttoHarvardUniversityforfurtherstudy.A.GraduatingB.GraduatedC.HavinggraduatedD.Havingbeengraduated2.—WhywasJohnarrestedbythepolice?—Itissaidthat___drugswerediscoveredhiddeninhishouse.A.agreatamountofB.aplentyofC.alargequantityD.quantitiesof3.IfimmigrantsaregiventherighttostayinBritain，somesayitwould____upto￡1billioninextrataxrevenue.A.bringinB.bringaboutC.bringupD.bringout4.Intheend,the____prisonerwascaughtinthedesert.A.escapeB.escapingC.escapedD.escapes5.Theoldladycamein,____herselfwithawalkingstick.A.raisingB.supportingC.liftingD.rising6.Hedidn’tpasstheexam____hislongabsencefromschool.A.asaresultB.afterallC.asaresultofD.because7.Thesurveyshowsthatdrivingundertheinfluenceofalcohol____manytrafficaccidents.A.resultsfromB.bringsoutC.answersforD.leadsto8.Atthesightofhermother,thesurpriseinherfacewas____byjoy. A.takenplaceB.replacedC.inplaceofD.insteadof9.Mr.Wanghaswrittensomeshortplays,butheisbetterknown____hispaintings.A.forB.asC.toD.with10.Thefoxwasluckyenoughtoescape____thehunter.A.fromB.catchingC.fromcatchingD.beingcaught11.Hereagainaretoday’sheadlines____.A.inadvanceB.introubleC.inbriefD.intotal12.LastweekIsawamovieadaptedfromTheArabianNights,which____bychildren.A.wereespeciallylovedB.isespeciallylovedC.especiallywaslovedD.areespeciallyloved13.A____roadgoes____fromourvillagetothecenterofthetown.A.straight;straightlyB.straightly;straightlyC.straightly;straightD.straight;straight14.Tomhasjustgraduated____first-classhonoursinpsychology____theUniversityofLondon.A.with;fromB.in;withC.in;fromD.from;with15.Ifthey____,theywouldchangethewholesystemofthelocalgovernment.A.comestopowerB.cametopowerC.isinpowerD.hasbeeninpower