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1、ForeignLanguagesSchool,SJTU英语写作（二年级上）Week6WritingontheSentenceLevel(1)Basicsentencepatterns/structuresTherearetraditionallyfourbasicpatternsofEnglishsentences,namely,simplesentence,compoundsentence,complexsentence,andcompound-complexsentence.1.Whatisasimplesentence?lAsimplesent
2、encehasasinglesubject-verb-objectcombination.Itmayhavemorethanonesubject,morethanoneverb,ormorethanoneobject.Itisusedwhenyouwanttoexpressonesimpleidea.•Asubjectisanounorpronoun.Itcanbesomebodyorsomething.•Apredicateisaverb.Itusuallyindicatesanact.Iftheverbisintransitive,ithasno
3、object(S+v)behindit.Iftheverbistransitive,itmustbefollowedbyanobject（S+v+o).Iftheverbisalinkingverb,theremustbeapredicative(S+v+p).•Anobjectisalsoanoun,likesubject.Examples:ChildrenplayThegameendedearly.MycarstalledthreetimeslastweekThelakehasbeenpollutedbyseveralneighbouringst
4、reams.[Note:theabovesubjectsareallnouns.Thepredicatestakedifferentformssuchas‘presenttense’,‘pasttense’,‘perfecttense’ina‘passive’form’,andsoon.]LolaandTonydrovehome.Thewindandwaterdriedmyhair.Thechildrensmiledandwavedatus.Thelawnmowersmokedandsputteredout.Manny,MoeandJacklubri
5、catedmycar,replacedtheoilfilter,andcleanedthesparkplugs.[Note:theabovesentencesshowthattheremaybemorethan1subject,morethan1predicate,ormorethan1objectinasentence.]PS.:Capitalizationandpunctuationsareimportant‘accessories’ofacompletesimplesentence.2.Whatisacompoundsentence?lAcom
6、poundsentences,ora“double”sentence,ismadeupoftwo(ormore)simplesentences,whichareusuallyconnectedbyacommaand/orplusajoiningword(=coordinateconjunction:and,but,or,for,nor,so,yet).Itisusedwhenyouwanttogiveequalweighttotwocloselyrelatedideas.Thetechniqueofshowingthatideashaveequali
7、mportanceiscalledcoordination.Examples:Therainincreased,sotheofficialscanceledthegame.Marthawantedtogoshopping,butFredrefusedtodriveher.Tomewaswatchingtelevisioninthefamilyroom,andMariewasupstairsonthephone.Ihadtogiveupwoodcarving,formyarthritishadbecomeverypainful.Task1:Fromsi
8、mpletocompoundCombinethefollowingpairsofsimplesentence
