英语写作基本句法

英语写作基本句法

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时间:2018-07-11

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1、ForeignLanguagesSchool,SJTU英语写作(二年级上)Week6WritingontheSentenceLevel(1)Basicsentencepatterns/structuresTherearetraditionallyfourbasicpatternsofEnglishsentences,namely,simplesentence,compoundsentence,complexsentence,andcompound-complexsentence.1.Whatisasimplesentence?lAsimplesentencehasasin

2、glesubject-verb-objectcombination.Itmayhavemorethanonesubject,morethanoneverb,ormorethanoneobject.Itisusedwhenyouwanttoexpressonesimpleidea.•Asubjectisanounorpronoun.Itcanbesomebodyorsomething.•Apredicateisaverb.Itusuallyindicatesanact.Iftheverbisintransitive,ithasnoobject(S+v)behindit.If

3、theverbistransitive,itmustbefollowedbyanobject(S+v+o).Iftheverbisalinkingverb,theremustbeapredicative(S+v+p).•Anobjectisalsoanoun,likesubject.Examples:ChildrenplayThegameendedearly.MycarstalledthreetimeslastweekThelakehasbeenpollutedbyseveralneighbouringstreams.[Note:theabovesubjectsareal

4、lnouns.Thepredicatestakedifferentformssuchas‘presenttense’,‘pasttense’,‘perfecttense’ina‘passive’form’,andsoon.]LolaandTonydrovehome.Thewindandwaterdriedmyhair.Thechildrensmiledandwavedatus.Thelawnmowersmokedandsputteredout.Manny,MoeandJacklubricatedmycar,replacedtheoilfilter,andcleanedth

5、esparkplugs.[Note:theabovesentencesshowthattheremaybemorethan1subject,morethan1predicate,ormorethan1objectinasentence.]PS.:Capitalizationandpunctuationsareimportant‘accessories’ofacompletesimplesentence.2.Whatisacompoundsentence?lAcompoundsentences,ora“double”sentence,ismadeupoftwo(ormore

6、)simplesentences,whichareusuallyconnectedbyacommaand/orplusajoiningword(=coordinateconjunction:and,but,or,for,nor,so,yet).Itisusedwhenyouwanttogiveequalweighttotwocloselyrelatedideas.Thetechniqueofshowingthatideashaveequalimportanceiscalledcoordination.Examples:Therainincreased,sotheoffic

7、ialscanceledthegame.Marthawantedtogoshopping,butFredrefusedtodriveher.Tomewaswatchingtelevisioninthefamilyroom,andMariewasupstairsonthephone.Ihadtogiveupwoodcarving,formyarthritishadbecomeverypainful.Task1:FromsimpletocompoundCombinethefollowingpairsofsimplesentence

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