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1、内蒙古工业大学2012届毕业设计（论文）·外文翻译RoboticstechnologytrendsBy:JimPinto,SanDiego,CA.USAWhenitcomestorobots,realitystilllagssciencefiction.But,justbecauserobotshavenotliveduptotheirpromiseinpastdecadesdoesnotmeanthattheywillnotarrivesoonerorlater.Indeed,theconfluenceofseveraladvancedtechnologiesisbringingth
2、eageofroboticsevernearer-smaller,cheaper,morepracticalandcost-effectiveBrawn,Bone&BrainThereare3aspectsofanyrobot:·Brawn–strengthrelatingtophysicalpayloadthatarobotcanmove.·Bone–thephysicalstructureofarobotrelativetotheworkitdoes;thisdeterminesthesizeandweightoftherobotinrelationtoitsphysicalpay
3、load.·Brain–roboticintelligence;whatitcanthinkanddoindependently;howmuchmanualinteractionisrequired.Becauseofthewayrobotshavebeenpicturedinsciencefiction,manypeopleexpectrobotstobehuman-likeinappearance.Butinfactwhatarobotlookslikeismorerelatedtothetasksorfunctionsitperforms.Alotofmachinesthatlo
4、oknothinglikehumanscanclearlybeclassifiedasrobots.Andsimilarly,somehuman-lookingrobotsarenotmuchbeyondmechanicalmechanisms,ortoys.Manyearlyrobotswerebigmachines,withsignificantbrawnandlittleelse.Oldhydraulicallypoweredrobotswererelegatedtotasksinthe3-Dcategory–dull,dirtyanddangerous.Thetechnolog
5、icaladvancessincethefirstindustryimplementationhavecompletelyrevisedthecapability,performanceandstrategicbenefitsofrobots.Forexample,bythe1980srobotstransitionedfrombeinghydraulicallypoweredtobecomeelectricallydrivenunits.Accuracyandperformanceimproved.12内蒙古工业大学2012届毕业设计（论文）·外文翻译Industrialrobots
6、alreadyatworkThenumberofrobotsintheworldtodayisapproaching1,000,000,withalmosthalfthatnumberinJapanandjust15%intheUS.Acoupleofdecadesago,90%ofrobotswereusedincarmanufacturing,typicallyonassemblylinesdoingavarietyofrepetitivetasks.Todayonly50%areinautomobileplants,withtheotherhalfspreadoutamongot
7、herfactories,laboratories,warehouses,energyplants,hospitals,andmanyotherindustries.Robotsareusedforassemblingproducts,handlingdangerousmaterials,spray-painting,cuttingandpolishing,inspectionofproducts.Thenumberofrobotsusedin
